What would you say was the root cause of the problem?
你认为问题的根源是什么？
The research was carried out on a modest scale.
这个研究项目开展的规模不算太大。
The experiments were carried out under simulated examination conditions.
试验是在模拟的情况下进行的.。
It is impossible to calculate what influence he had on her life.
现在无法估计他对她的生活产生过多大影响。
Fees are calculated on a sliding scale according to income.
按浮动费率制根据收入高低计算收费。