【知识网络】
一、重点词汇与短语
1．add用法小结：
（1）的基本意思是“增加、添加，加上”，一般作及物动词，后接名词、数词等作宾语。例如：
Add more hot water to the soup – it is too salty. 在汤里多加点热水 – 太咸了。
Add a few more names of laborers to the list.
名单上再加上几个工人的名字。
（2）表示“加；加起来”的意思。
例如：
If you add 4 to 3， you get 7. 四加三得七。
Add up these figures, please. 请把这些数字加起来。
（3）表示“补充说； 又说”。
例如：
I should add that we are very pleased. 我要补充的是我们非常高兴。
I should like to add that we are pleased with the test result.
我还要补充说一下,我们对测试结果表示满意。
（4）常用短语：
●add something to something: add fuel to the fire: 火上浇油
●add up/together: 加算；合计He wrote down the weight of each stone and then added up/together all the weights.
他把每一块石头的重量记下来，然后把所有的重量加在一起。
The various facts in their report just don't add up.
他们报告中的各方面材料根本串不起来。
●add to: 增加
Our coming added to your trouble. 我们的到来给你们增加了麻烦。
●add up to：总计达到…，总和为…，总数达…：
His debts added up to 40,000 dollars. 他的债务总计达到40，000美圆。
2．remind用法小结：remind作为及物动词，常与of, to infinitive, that连用，意思是“使想起；使记起；提醒”。
例如：
Remind me to write to Mother. (后接somebody to do something )
提醒我给妈妈写信。
This reminds me of last year. (后接somebody + of + something)
这使我想起去年的事。
In case I forget, please remind me about it. （后接somebody + about + something）
请提醒我一下，以免我忘记。
He reminded me that I had done it before. （后接that从句）
他使我想起我以前做过了。
3．wonder用法小结：
（1）wonder既可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词使用。常与at, that连用，意思是“觉得奇怪；惊奇；纳闷；想知道”。
例如：
I wonder. In England, each man speaks a different language.
我感到十分惊奇,在英国每个人都说着一种语言。
I wonder at his rudeness. 我对他的粗鲁感到奇怪。
He wondered why people built ugly homes, when they could have beautiful ones.
他很奇怪为什么人们本可以造出漂亮的房屋,而偏偏建造出丑陋的房子来。
He was just wondering how to do it. 他只是想知道怎么做这个。
Ted wondered why he was wanted by the police, but he went to the station yesterday.
特德不知道为什么警察局要他去,但昨天他去了。
I wonder why James is always late for school.
我想知道为什么詹姆斯上学总是迟到。
（2）wonder还可以作名词，意思是“惊奇；惊叹；奇观；壮举；奇才”。
例如：
The boy looked at the stranger in wonder.
那个男孩惊奇地看着那个陌生人。
They were filled with wonder when they saw the spaceship.
当他们看到宇宙飞船时，他们非常惊奇。
He has visited the seven wonders of the world. 世界七大奇观他都参观过了。
He's a wonder. 他是个奇才。
（3）习惯用语：
● It's a wonder：难得；奇怪的是
It's a wonder you recognized me. 难得你还认得我。
● (It's) no wonder 难怪；并不奇怪；当然
No wonder he is not hungry; he has been eating sweets all day.
难怪他不饿，他整天在吃糖果。
二、词义辨析
1．last, latest 与newest的区别：
（1）last表示“最后的，刚刚过去的；紧接前面的”，强调顺序。
例如：
She was the last to arrive. 她是最后到的。
He was the very last to leave the office. 他是最后一个离开办公室的。
He would be the last man to do such foolish things. 他决不会干这种蠢事。
He won the last election. 上次选举他获胜了。
（2）latest意思是“最新的，最晚的，最近的”。
例如：
Everyone wants to read the latest news, no one wants yesterday’s newspaper.
人人都想读到最新的消息，没有人想要读昨天的报纸。
（3）newest表示“最新的”，它是与旧“old”相对的。
例如：
The man put on his newest clothes to attend the party.
那个人穿上最新的衣服去参加晚会。
2．whatever 与no matter what的区别：
两者都表示“无论什么，”但是在用法上有所区别：whatever既可以引导让步状语从句，又可以引导名词性从句；而no matter what只能引导让步状语从句。
例如：
No matter what you say, I’ll still do it alone. （让步状语从句）
=Whatever you say, I’ll still do it alone. （让步状语从句）
无论你们说什么，我还是要自己做这件事。
Whatever we said, he'd disagree. （让步状语从句）
College students are seen doing whatever work they can find. （宾语从句）
我们可以看到,只要有工作,大学生们什么都干。
Do whatever she tells you and you'll have peace. （宾语从句）
她叫你干什么你就干什么,那你就太平了。
Whatever happens, the first important thing is to keep cool. （让步状语从句）
不管发生什么事,头等重要的是保持冷静。
You may do whatever you want to do. （宾语从句）
无论你想做什么事，你都可以做。
Whatever we do is our own business. （主语从句）
无论我们做什么，那是我们自己的事。
三、重点句型
1．Cellphones, or mobile phones, make it possible for us to talk to anyone from anywhere.
此句中，动词make为使役动词，后面接复合宾语，此句的it为形式宾语。
再如：
We found it important to complete our task on time.
我们发现按时完成任务很重要。
2．I don’t dare to use the phones in school, because they will take it away from me.
此句中的dare为行为动词，后面要接带to的不定式，但在口语中，有时to也省略；dare如果作情态动词，则后面一定直接接动词原形，且无人称、数、格的变化。
例如：
He dare not drive the care on expressways, as all the other cars are going so fast. （情态动词，注意其形式）
他不敢在高速公路上开车，因为所有其它的车都跑得那么快。
I didn’t dare (to) do it in class because the teacher might scold me. （及物动词，注意to的问题）
我不敢在课上做这件事，因为老师会训我。
3．Some parents worry that their children will spend too much time and money on phone calls.
此句的worry后面接宾语从句。Worry后面还可以接about 构成词组，表示“对…担心”，强调动作；另外，词组be worried about 也表示“对…担心”，强调状态。
再如：
Where have you been? We’ve been worried about you.
你去哪儿了？我们一直都在为你担心。
Parents always worry about their children.
父母总是为自己的孩子担心。
【考点透视 考例精析】
[考点] 考查谓语动词被动语态的用法。
[考例1] --Have you moved into the new house?
--Not, yet, the rooms _______________.
A．are being painted B．are painting
C．are painted D．are being painting
[解析] Ａ 本句的意思是“因为新房子正在粉刷，所以我还没有搬进去”。用现在进行时的被动语态。
[拓展] 除了现在进行时的被动语态，过去进行时的被动语态也是值得注意的一点。
例如：
The lost children were last seen playing by the side of the river.
最后有人看见那些失踪的孩子在河边玩。
[考点] 介词短语的语义辨析。
[考例2] I don’t think I’ll need any money but I’ll bring some ___________.
A．at last B．in case C．once again D．in time
[解析] Ｂ 本句前面的分句已经说明“主语认为自己不需要钱”，所以but后的分句说明“带上点钱以防万一”。
[拓展] in case与in case of的用法要注意。再如：
Take an umbrella with you in case it rains.
随手带把伞以防天下雨。
In case of danger he was always standing in front of me.
在危机时刻他总是站在我前面。
In case of fire, you should always stay calm.
在发生火灾的时候，你应该总是保持镇定。
[考点] 考查turn构成的词组的用法。
[考例3] The children are always _________ practicing playing football when they have PE lessons.
A．taking turns B．by turns C．in turns D．at turns
[解析] Ａ 本句的空白处缺少谓语。因而用take turns doing something结构，意思是“轮流做某事”；by turns和in turn都可以表示“轮流做某事”，但都是介词短语，只能作状语。
[考点] 考察动词的时态。
[考例4] Mr. Smith searched the Internet for nearly two hours before he _________.
A．was decided well B．had made a good decision
C．made a good decision D．has made up his mind
[解析] Ｃ 本句的主句用了一般过去时态，因此也决定了从句的时态。排除了B、D项；make up one’s mind意思是“做出决定”，但是时态不对。
【基础演练】
一、根据所给首字母或括号中的汉语意思填写句子空格中所缺的单词。
1．As a great scientist, he is famous t___________ the world.
2． Please r________ me of my interview with Mr. Smith again tomorrow.
3．Those small factories are causing a lot of e_____________ pollution with all their noise and smoke.
4． They've r__________ the prices in the shop, so it's a good time to buy.
5． Jane o_________ the party. She a bought the food and drinks and asked people to come .
6． I made an ___________ (约定) to see the doctor yesterday.
7． She is a very ________________(有吸引力的) girl. Everyone likes her.
8． As a reporter, he is very _____________(成功).
9． They took strong _________（措施）against dangerous drivers.
10． The patient was asked to ring the bell in an ____________(紧急情况).
二、单项填空：
1．The coat ________ you well, but I don’t think the color _________ you.
A．dress, suits B．is fit for, fits on C．fits, suits D．is dressed, fits
2．She’s a bit shy and __________ answer teacher’s questions in class.
A．not dare to B．dare not to C．doesn’t dare D．dares not
3．Imagine that you are one of the volunteers __________ the foreigners, what should you do?
A．to choose serving B．choose to serve
C．choosing serving D．chosen to serve
4．Because of human being’s keeping killing, some kinds of animals are __________.
A．in danger of B．endangered C．dangerous D．in endanger
5．Someone called up in the middle of the night, but they hung up _________ I could answer the phone.
A．as B．since C．until D．before
6．It is generally considered unwise to give a child __________ he or she wants.
A．however B．whatever C．whichever D．whenever
7．The police found that the house _________ and a lot of things _____________.
A．has broken into, has been stolen B．had broken into, had been stolen
C．has been broken into, stolen D．had been broken into, stolen
8．What surprised me was not what he said but ___________ he said it.
A．in the way B．in the way that C．the way D．the way which
9．Our guests were expected at 8 o’clock, but they didn’t ________ till 8:30.
A．turn on B．turn up C．turn over D．turn down
10．Mr. Li made up his mind to devote all he could _______ his oral English.
A．improve B．to improve C．improving D．to improving
【能力拓展】
阅读理解：
When a rather dirty, poorly-dressed person kneels at your feet and puts out his hands to beg for a few coins, do you hurry on, not knowing what to do, or do you feel sad and hurriedly hand over some money? What should our attitude to beggars be? There can’t be no question that the world is full of terrible sad stories. It must be terrible to have no idea where our next meal is going to come from. It seems cruel not to give some money to beggars..
Certainly, most of the world’s great religions order us to be open-hearted and share what we have with those less fortunate than ourselves. But has the world changed? Maybe what was morally(道德方面) right in the old days, when one knew exactly who in the village had suffered misfortune and needed help, is no longer the best idea. Quite a few people will not give to beggars. Let us look at their arguments.
First, some believe that many city beggars dress up on purpose to look pitiable and actually make a good living from begging. Giving to beggars only encourages this sort of evil(恶行). Secondly, there is the opinion that there is no real excuse for begging. One might be poor, but that is no reason for losing one’s sense of pride and self-dependence..
Related to this in the opinion that the problem should be dealt with by the government rather than ordinary people . Some people think beggars should go to the local government department and receive help.
It is hard to come to any final conclusion; there are various cases and we must deal with them differently. A few coins can save a life in some situations, and even if the money is wasted, that does not take away the moral goodness of the giver.
1．What is mainly discussed in the passage?
A．Moral deeds of people. B．Religious activities of the church.
C． Moral goodness of the giver D．Arguments on giving to beggars.
2．What can we infer from the sentence “But has the world changed?” in the second paragraph?
A．People no longer know who was morally right in the past.
B．Some people will not do what was morally right in the past.
C．We don’t meet with those who need help any more.
D．Now it is the government’s duty to help the beggars.
3．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A．Some people dress up to pretend to be beggars.
B．Some beggars want money to help their children go to school.
C．Some beggars use the money to buy drugs.
D．Some beggars have no excuse for begging.
4．In the last paragraph, the writer thinks that it is hard to come to any final conclusion, because ___________.
A. the cases can be so different B. there are so many beggars
C. there is so much money wasted D. there are so many different arguments
参考答案
高一部分
Units 9-10 (B1)
基础演练
一、1．throughout 2．remind 3．environmental 4．reduced 5．organized 6．appointment 7．attractive 8．successful 9．measures 10．emergency
二、1-5 CCDBD 6-10 BDCBD
能力拓展
1-4 DBBA
1. D 这是一个主旨题。本篇文章主要讨论了是否给乞丐钱的观点。
2．B 这是一个细节推断题。根据第二段的句子“Maybe what was mortally(道德方面) right in the old days, when one knew exactly who in the village had suffered misfortune and needed help, is no longer the best idea.”可知答案。
3．B 这是个判断正误题。第三段讲述了“假装扮成乞丐”、“用乞讨来的钱买毒品”、“没有行乞的理由”。只有B项（乞讨来的钱送孩子去上学）没有在文章中提到。
4．A 这是一个细节题。原因在于作者说“there are various cases and we must deal with them differently”。说明作者是想告诉我们情况是各种各样的。