1. 不定冠词a与an的用法；
2. 定冠词the的用法；
3. “零”冠词
考点讲解
冠词在英语中只有3个词，分为两类：不定冠词a与an，定冠词the。 a用在以辅音开始的单数名词前，an用于以元音开始的单词前。不定冠词用来表示一类事物中泛指的某一事物，而定冠词则用于特指的某一个或某些事物，可用于不可数名词、可数名词单数及可数名词复数前。这三个词在英文中出现频率最高，其用法各异，在学习中要予以一定的注意，以便很快正确而熟练地应用它们。
定冠词（a，an）和定冠词（the）两种。
一 不定冠词的用法
不定冠词用在单数名词前面，表示”一”或”一个”。冠词a用在以辅音开头的单词之前，an用在以元音开头的单词之前。例如：
This is a book．
There is a chair in the room．
My mother is an English teacher．
Mr Green bought an old car last week．
Kate is an American girl．
There are sixty minutes in an hour．
That is a useful book．
1． 当我们第一次提到某人或某物时，用不定冠词a(an)起介绍作用。例如：
What does your father do？He is a doctor．
There is a new book on the desk．
Thomas Edison was a great American inventor．
2． 用在单数名词前表示人或事物的某一类
A student should study hard for the people.
This is an apple.
A plane is much faster than a car．
A teacher teaches students.
3． 相当于one，表示"一"
He will be back in a day or two.
A friend of mine visited me yesterday.
Here is a seat for you.
4． 相当于a certain 或 one like，指某人或某物，但不具体说明
A teacher from Shanghai is coming to give us a talk this afternoon.
My mother once worked in a school.
A boy is waiting for you outside.
5． 相当于any，表示"种类"
A triangle has three angles.
6． 相当于the same，表示"相同"
Birds of a feather flock together.
7． 相当于every 或 per，表示"每"
The car is running 50 miles an hour.
All of us have six classes a day.
He drives a car at forty miles an hour.
8． 用于形容词最高级前，无比较含义
This is a most useful book.
9． 用于序数词前，表示"再"
Please give me a second chance.
10． 用于习语中
once upon a time, catch a cold, take a look, take/have a rest, make a mistake about sth. For a while, for a moment, in a word, wait a moment, in a hurry, get in a word, make a face, have a try, want a go, have a word with sb. Live a happy life, take an active part in, have a match, a little, give a lesson, have a talk, have a fever, have a good time, have/take a walk, have a headache(toothache…) have a nice trip, all of a sudden, as a matter of fact,
二 定冠词的用法
1. 特指某些人或某些事物, 例如：
The book on the desk is mine．
Beijing is the capital of China.
2. 指谈话双方都知道的人或事物.例如：
Open the window, please.
Let's meet on the road outside the school gate．
What do you think of the film?
3. 指上文提到的人或事物。例如：
I saw a boy. The boy was crying.
I have a bird. The bird is white.
I bought a coat. This is the coat.
4. 用于世界上独一无二的事物前面。例如：
We have friends all over the world.
Which is the biggest, the sun，the moon or the earth?
The moon goes around the earth.
5. 用于单数名词前表示一类人或事物
The horse is a useful animal.
The apple is a kind of fruit.
6. 用于序数词前
January is the first month of the year．
The first lesson is easy.
7. 用于形容词前
最高级前
Who is the tallest student here?
Winter is the coldest season of the year.
Jim's box is the biggest of all．
表示某一类人或事物
The young should respect the old.
表示某种抽象概念
The beautiful never dies.
8. 用于某些专有名词前
江河the Yangtze River, the Suez Canal
山脉the Alps, the Tianshan Mountains
海洋the Pacific Ocean, the Yellow Sea, the Black Sea
湖泊the West Lake
群岛the Hawaiian Islands
报纸、杂志the Times, the People's Daily
巨大建筑the Great Wall, the British Museum
朝代、时代the Stone Age, the Ming Dynasty
组织机构the United Nations
9. 用于含有普通名词的专有名称前
the United States of America
the People’s Republic of China
the United Nations
10. 用于姓氏复数形式前，表示一家人
The Browns are kind to us.
The Kings are having dinner.
The Turners are watching TV.
11. 用在乐器的名称前
He can play the piano.
She likes to play the violin and the flute.
12. 用于逢十的复数数词前，表示年代
in the 1990's
13. 用于某些习语
on the right, by the way, go to the cinema (theatre, concert…), in the frontof , in the middle of, at the beginning, in the end, in the daytime, on the one hand…on the other hand, to tell the truth, to go to the doctor, in the morning，in the afternoon，in the evening，go to the cinema