授课人：郭礼文 时间： 班级：
一、目标再现
1．学习现在完成时态的构成以及与现在的关系和对时间状语的要求，以及现在完成时的陈述句形式和疑问句形式及其简略答语是本单元的教学重点。要求学生能初步运用现在完成时态谈论一些过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，掌握过去分词的构成。
2．能够熟练运用本单元有关“借物、寻物”的交际用语，正确运用Have you got…？和Do you have…？及其简略答语。
3．掌握本单元的单词和短语，特别是used to，pay for，think of等用法。
4．利用阅读课文来培养学生的阅读理解能力和根据上下文判断生词词义的能力，并逐步提高对学生阅读速度的要求。
5．要求学生能用自己组织的语言，对课文故事予以简述。
二、重点难点分析
本单元主要教学现在完成时态，围绕“The lost book”开展教学活动。学习了有关“借物和寻物”的交际用语以及到图书馆借阅图书及相关事项，着重使用了“Have you got…”这种句式，通过对话，教学了现在完成时态的用法和构成，重点分析过去某个动作对现在造成的影响或结果。学习了过去分词的构成和动词加ed后的读音，if引导的从句中时态的使用，同时还学习了一些同义词、近义词的用法与区别。
1、语言难点分析
ago 与before
ago与before 是两个表示“以前”的概念的单词。在用法上，它们的区别是较大的。
1）ago和一般过去时的动词连用，表现现在以前的过去时间，它不能用于完成时态，例如：
Your friend was here a week ago, wasn't he? Of course he was.
before可以和完成时态连用，也常常与never连用，表示在早先或过去的某时间的“以前”。例如：
I never met him before. He's new to me.
下面以three years ago和three years before为例来进行比较。three years ago用于过去时态，表示从今天算起的“三年以前”；而three year before用于过去完成时态，表示从三年以前算起的过去。试看下面的比较：
A. I met him three years ago. We've been friends for 3 years.
B. I had met him three years before. I met you in 1992.
句A表示：“（从今天算起）三年前我遇见过他。”句B表示：“（从三年前追溯起）三年前我遇见过他一次。”
2) 另外before与ago单纯在形式上的区别是before可以单独使用，ago必须与别的表示时间的词连用。例如：
I have read it before. It is a very good novel.
I read it 3 years ago. But I can't remember everything about it.
例 Have you found the book？ Yes, I _____it five minutes_______．
A. have found, before B. found, before
C. has found, ago D. found, ago
解析 ago表示从现在算起的多少时间以前，用于一般过去式的句子中，before则表示从过去看的某时间以前或泛指以前，常见于完成时态。从本句的答语“我5分钟前找到的”中，可以判断是从现在算起的五分钟前，故选D。
full与fill
（1）fill v．把……填满，常与with连用。如：
Please fill the bags with rice. We've got to take them to the poor family in the village.
fill也可以表示状态。相当与 be filled with。如：
Smoke filled the room. = The room was filled with smoke．房间里浓烟弥漫。
（2）fill in填入、填写、塞满，如：
–Please fill in your telephone number and your name．
–OK, But may I borrow your pen?
–What shall I do if I want to find a job here?
–Fill in the application form．
（3）full adj. 满的，充满的。其结构是be full of=be filled with，如：
The basket is full of apples. = The basket is filled with apples．Enough for all of us.
The bag full of books is mine. Please carry it for me, It's too heavy.
lose与 miss
1)两者都表示“丢失”。lose的语气较强，含有丢失后不易找到；miss含有“发现丢失”之意。在很多情况下两者可换用。例如：
You said you have lost your watch. When did you miss it? 你说把手表丢了，你什么时候丢的？
2）lose通常用过去分词(lost)作定语或表语；而miss则用其ing形式(missing)作表语或定语。例如：
Is there anything missing (Is there anything lost) ?
Nothing, so far as I know.
on与about
二者都是介词，意为“关于，论及”等，一般情况下，二者可以互相替换，但二者有点区别：about常用于简单的或浅显的论述等，是一般用语，多用于讲故事，谈话；思考等；on多用于系统论述或专题讲演、论著等，具有学术性，如：
The teacher told us a story about Lei Feng. It's very moving.
He will give us a talk on the history of the Party.他将给我们做个关于党史的报告。
come up with
come up with= find or produce (an answer)意为“提出，提供”，它是由动词和介词一起构成的短语动词。它的另一个意思是“赶上”。例如：
I hope you can come up with a better plan than this. 我希望你能提出个更好的计划。
We shall have to work hard to come up with them. 我们要努力工作，赶上他们。
类似的词组有：
catch up with come in for
pay for
pay for意为“给……报酬”，“付款”。常见句型有：(1) pay for+货物，(2) pay+名词／代词+for+物。例如：
How much did you pay for that book？那本书你付了多少钱？
I'll pay you five yuan for it．我将为此给你五元钱。
I'm afraid can't pay you anything for it．我恐怕不能为此给你任何报酬。
She used to be a Chinese teacher. 她以前是一位语文老师。
used to
used to意为“过去经常”，它只有过去式，用于各种人称的单、复数，表示过去存在的，但现在已经停止的情况或习惯，后接动词原形。例如：
They used to come on foot，but they don’t do that again. They often come by bus. 他们过去经常步行来，现在不了。他们经常乘车来。
used to是表示过去经常重复的动作。在表示过去的习惯时，used to是比较规则的习惯，它与would不太一样，would侧重于叙述过去的光景，used to侧重于和现在相对照。
used to的疑问形式和否定形式可以用助词did或自身形成构成。美国人多用助动词 did；英国人多用used to本身。如：
–Did you use to go there?
–Yes, very often./No, only seldom.
I used not to like Beijing opera, but now I’m very fond of it.我过去不喜欢京戏，但现在非常喜欢。
他过去不常抽烟。He didn’t use to smoke.== He used to smoke.
注意区分be used to所表示的意思是“习惯于……”，后跟名词或动名词，used是一个形容词。例如：
I’m not used to drinking．我不习惯喝酒。
She is used to running in the morning．她习惯早上跑步。
have got
I think I've got one．我想我有一个。
英语中表示“所有”用have，口语中常用 have got，其否定形式为haven't got，疑问形式为Have…got…？在美国英语中常使用don't have，Do… have…？例如：
I've got a book about chemistry. = I have a book about chemistry．我有一本化学书。
He hasn't got an umbrella. = He doesn't have an umbrella． 他没有雨伞。
–Have you got a pencil sharpener? = Do you have a pencil sharpener？
–Yes, here you are.
2、语法：现在完成时
注意与现在完成时态连用的几个副词：already；just，yet， ever，never等。already，just多用于肯定句，yet，ever，never多用于疑问句和否定句中。如：
I have already finished my homework．我已经完成了作业。
He has just had his meal. 他刚吃过饭。
Have you ever heard this song？你曾听过这首歌吗？
They haven’t left yet．他们还没动身。
We have never seen so beautiful flowers．我们从来没有见过这么漂亮的花。
三、习题精选（印发给学生）课堂检查辅导
初三英语单元过关自查练习（UNIT 1）
Ⅰ. 词汇练习
A. 词语释义（从右栏中找出与左栏意思相近的词语）。
( )l. return A. about
( )2. pity B. at the moment
( )3. think of C. in all places
( )4. everywhere D. ready to help others
( )5. ever E. give back
( )6. helpful F. come up with
( )7. now G. feeling sorry for someone
( )8. on H. at any time
B. 根据句意和首字母补全单词。
1. I'll meet s______ foreigners at the airport this evening.
2. Bruce made two s______ and put all of his books on them.
3. Please write your name, address and something about yourself on the f_____.
4. A: Are you often a______?
B: Yes, twice a year.
5. I met Mr. Green in the street in London o______ last year.
C. 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. They haven't found the ____child yet. (lose)
2. I got up late this morning and what was ______(bad), my bike was broken on the way.
3. I think books can make people ______. (happy)
4. Jane came up with a good idea a few days ______. (late)
5. Mr. Green ______to get-on-line when he was young. (use)
6. John's hobby is ____ basket ball .(play)
Ⅱ. 单项选择
1. Granny looked for her book, but she couldn’t find it ______.
A. somewhere B. everywhere C. anywhere D. nowhere
2.－When did you ______the book to the library?
－Yesterday afternoon.
A. borrow B. lend C. give D. return
3. The man took away the dictionary but did not ______.
A. pay it B. pay for it C. cost it D. spend it
4. English teachers often encourage the students _______ English aloud.
A. read B. reading C. to read D. readed
5.－ ______he ever ______abroad ?
－No, never.
A. Did, go B. Is, been C. Has, been D. Has, gone
6. How long may I ______ the history books?
A. keep B. lend C. borrow D. return
7. She______ an English teacher.
A. uses to B. used to C. use to be D. used to be
8. One day the librarian ______ an idea.
A. came up B. came with C. came up with D. came up to
9. Now her lost books are usually______ the library.
A .returned B .returned to C. paid D. paid to
10. My hobby is ______all kinds of coins.
A. to collect B. collecting C. to pick up D. picking up
11. Can you ______who has lost the watch?
A. look for B. look up C. find D. find out
12. My postcard is still on the desk. Why ______you ______it ?
A. haven’t, posted B. didn’t, post
C. wasn’t posting D. won’t, post
13. The man ____France will give us a talk ____his country.
A. from, on B. of, in C. of, about D. from, of
14. He is too old to ______the name of that book.
A. pick up B. think of C. come up D. fill in
15. Someone is knocking at the door. It ____my mother. It's time for her to be back.
A. can be B. may not be C. must be D. mustn’t be
16. I don’t know where Mr. White has gone. You’d better ask ____.
A. else somebody B. other somebody
C. somebody else D. anybody else
17. When he saw a ticket on the ground, he stopped ____.
A. to pick it up B. pick it up C. to pick up it D. pick up it
18. He says that he will ______to me in three days.
A. return the money B. return back the money
C. get the money back D. pay back the money
19. Father ______the city of New York three days ago.
A. leave B. left to C. left off D. left for
20. Tom ______ there for 10 months since he ______ back to his hometown.
A. has lived, gets B. has lived, got C. lived, go D. lived, has got
Ⅲ. 同义句转换
1. You can watch the football match after you finish your home-work. (同义句转换)
You______ watch the football match______ you finish your homework.
2.I have never heard such a piece of wonderful music. (同义句转换)
This piece of music is______ ______ wonderful piece I've ever heard.
3. May I borrow your bike?
____you ____your bike ____ ____ ?
4.When he was young, he worked on a farm, but now he doesn't.
He ___ ____ ____a farmer.
5. Her bike was lost, and my bike was lost, too.
Her bike was lost, and ____ ____ ____.
Ⅳ. 短文填空，一空一词。
A library is a collection (收集)of books. It ______ ______quite small or it may be large.
Libraries, both big ______small ones are for us to use. You may go to read books there. You may ______books from it.
There are a lot of story ______and other kinds of books in the library. You can borrow them
if you have a ______card. You must read _______many books as you can. It will be helpful.
When you borrow a book, you must ______your card. The assistant writes a date in the book.
Then you can take it ______. But you must give it back to the library _______ the date.
Ⅴ. 补全对话
根据对话内容，在每个空白处填入一个适当的词，使对话完整，合乎情景。
A: Excuse me.
B: What can I do for you?
A: I want to 1 a book about art. But I can’t 2 the name of it.
B: 3 does it 4 like?
A: It has a lot of 5 pictures.
B: Is it thick or 6 ?
A; It’s not thick. It’s only 7 one hundred 8 .
B: I see. Please 9 a moment. I’ll go and 10 it out for you.
Ⅵ. 完形填空
A good dictionary is a very good tool(工具). It will tell you not only what a word means but also 1 it is used. A dictionary needs to be printed (印刷) again about every ten years. Languages develop and a good dictionary must show these new changes.
A new English dictionary will only tell you 2 most people use the language today. It will not tell you what is right or wrong. It may tell you the right time to use a word. If only many people use a word, a dictionary will either tell this or not list(编列) it. 3 dictionaries will tell you many interesting facts. If you type a word and the word is too long, look it up in your dictionary. All dictionaries show you 4 to break (分拆)a word. And they also 5 you how a word is spoken.
Every dictionary, of course, tells you what a word means. But some words, like “get” or “take”, may have dozens of meanings. In some dictionaries, the main meanings are often list first. The other newest meanings are listed last. So before you use your dictionary, you should always 6 the front part. This part explains 7 .
Some dictionaries also show you where a word comes 8 . Do you know that the word “brand (标记)” comes from an old word? This old word means “to burn”. This is because hundreds of years ago people burned their own names on tables or boats to show who 9 them. They also burned their names on their farm animals __10 they would not be stolen.
Your dictionary also has a lot of interesting facts in it. After you have learned to
use a dictionary, it can become your best useful book.
1. A. when B. where C. why D. how
2.A.how B. what C. why D. if
3. A. Every B. Some C. All D. Many
4.A.when B. where C. why D. which
5.A.say B. talk C. show D. write
6.A.see B. look C. watch D. read
7. A. how use it B. to use C. how to use it D. use it
8.A.into B. up C. by D. from
9. A. builds B. makes C. build D. made
10. A. when B. in order C. so that D. before
Ⅶ.阅读理解
A
What is a library for? Most libraries have books and other things to read. Many of them have things to listen to. Some libraries even have computers (电脑). Very few people would think of a library as a place to live in.
One library in New York City turned into a home for 250 people for several days. These were all people near the library. They moved into their library for a very special reason(特殊的原因). They slept on the floor. Why did the people move into the library?
The people moved into the library because the city wanted to close it to save（节省）money. These 250 New Yorkers loved their library. They didn’t want to lose it. So they moved in. They knew that the library couldn’t be closed if they were living inside it. At last the city agreed to keep the library open, and the people all went home.
根据短文内容判断正（T）误（F）。
1. This story happened in the libraries in Australia.
2. The library almost closed to save the city money.
3. The library had 350 people living there.
4. The people in this story maybe like to read books.
5. A closed library would keep the people quiet.
B
We have a big well-equipped(配备完整的) library in our school. There is a librarian (图书管理员) in charge of(掌管) it. Students of the school may borrow books from the library but they may not lend them to others. Students may borrow three books at a time. They may keep the books for 2 weeks. If they do not return them on time, the librarian mustn’t lend any more books to them.
There are a number of rules for good behaviour(行为举止) in the library. Students should put back the books in their right places on the shelves. They should leave the magazines and newspapers in good order（顺序）. They should take the books carefully and keep them clean and don’t break them. Students may not talk or make any noise in the library. They should keep quiet when they are passing along outside the library.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
6. How many librarians are in change of the library in the writer’s school?
A. Only one. B. Two. C. Many. D. Three.
7. What’s the passage mainly about?
A. The duties of the librarian.
B. The rules of the library.
C. How long the students may have the library books.
D. Students can talk loudly in the library.
8. How many books can students borrow at a time?
A. One book. B. Tow books. C. Three books. D. Four books.
9. When the students finish reading the magazines and newspapers, the should _______.
A. put them back in their wrong places
B. put them back in other places
C. put them back in right places
D. put them in any places
10. When the students are passing outside the library, they should ______.
A. keep clean B. keep the books for two weeks
C. keep making noises D. keep quiet
附：参考答案：
Ⅰ. A. 1-8 EGFCHDBA
B. 1.several 2.shelves 3.form 4.abroad 5.once
C. 1.lost 2.worse 3.happy 4.later 5.used 6.to play
Ⅱ. 1. C 2. D 3.B 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. A
11. D 12. A 13. A 14. B 15. C 16. C 17. A 18. D 19. D 20. B
Ⅲ. 1.can't, until 2.the most 3.Can, lend, to, me 4.used, to, be 5.so, was, mine
Ⅳ. may, be, and, borrow, books, library, as, show, away, before
Ⅴ. 1.borrow 2.remember 3.What 4.look 5.colour 6.thin 7.about 8.pages 9.wait 10.find
Ⅵ. 1. D 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. C 8. D 9. D 10. C
Ⅶ. 1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F 6-10 A B C C D
四、布置作业
1、预习UNIT 2
2、完成 初三英语单元过关自查练习（UNIT 2）
3、疑难摘要出来。
五、课后反思