科目 英语
年级 初三
文件 middle3 unit2.doc
标题 The sports meeting
章节 第二单元
关键词 内容
一、教法建议
【抛砖引玉】
本单元以学校运动会（The sports meeting）为话题，主要语法点是副词比较级，有关“祝贺（Good wishes and congratulations）”的日常交际用语，20多个单词及一些习惯用语和固定搭配，同时还复习动词的过去时。
（一）教学副词比较级和最高级
StepⅠ 帮助学生复习形容词的比较级和最高级。
规则变化的形容词,如:
cheap, dear, slow, quick, clean, bright, few, thick, long, short, light, hard, cold, cool, warm, strong, tall, poor, rich, clever, old, small, high, young heavy, easy, tidy, dry, busy, happy, healthy, hungry, free, large, late, nice big, thin, hot, wet, fat delicious, dangerous, interesting, popular, beautiful, careful
不规则变化的形容词,如:
good, well, bad, ill, many, much, far, little
StepⅡ指出副词的比较级和最高级构成完全一样,只是在副词最高级前的定冠词“the”可省略不写。然后，将学过的副词进行归纳练习：
规则变化的副词：
long， near， fast， high， hard， late， early
clearly， carefully， easily， happily，quickly，slowly
不规则变化的副词：
well， far，badly， little， much
StepⅢ将副词比较级和最高级应用在句子当中。如:
Mary writes more carefully then Kate.
She writes (the) most carefully in her class.
(二)教学有关“祝愿和祝贺”的日常交际用语
帮助学生回忆学过的用语，进行复习和归纳。可列出大纲中的用语：
Good luck！ Best wishes to you.
Have a nice/good time. Congratulations!
Happy birthday to you. Happy New Year!
Merry Christmas! The same to you.
创设情景，教师可以事先写好几个对话，让学生熟练日常用语。如：
祝愿：1)A：Are you doing anything at the sports meeting？
B：Yes. The 100-metre race and the long jump.
A: !
B: Thanks. (Key: Good luck to you)
2)A: Are you going to run the 400-metre race?
B: Yes, I am.
A: !
B: Thank you. I’ll do my best.
(Key: Wish you success/I hope you’ll do well)
3)A: Tomorrow is Saturday. Have a nice weekend.
B: . (Key: The same to you )
4)A: Today is Mothers’ Day. , Mun.
B: Thanks, dear. （Key: Best wishes to you）
5)A: I’m going to Zhongshan park with my aunt this afternoon.
B: !
A: Thanks, I will. (Key: Have a good/nice time)
祝贺: 1)A: How did you do in the relay race?
B: Our class won the first place.
A: ! ! (Key: Well done! Congratulations!)
2)A: Happy birthday to you, John!
B: Thank you. (Key: Thank you)
3)A: Happy New year to you!
B: !(Key: The same to you./Happy New year to you!)
安慰: 1)A: Did you do well in your English test?
B: No, I made quite a few mistakes. Ididn’t pass it.
A: ! I’m sorry to hear that. But don’t lose heart.
Try to do bett er next time. (Key: Bad luck!)
2)A: Did you win the race?
B: No, I was fourth.
A: .You may do much better next time.
(Key: That wasn’t bad at all)
(三)教学单词及一些习惯用语和固定搭配.
本单元的生词比较多,为了让学生能够更好地掌握他们,可以利用书中的插图及教学简笔画,使学生能够生动形象地进行记忆、理解。在学生基本掌握了生词之后,再让学生将课文默写一遍，以便使学生掌握、了解课文的主要内容。然后，由教师将一些习惯用语及固定搭配写在黑板上或用投影片显示并加以讲解。
【指点迷津】
1....,but he quickly got up and went on running.可他迅速地爬起来,继续跑下去。
go on doing 意为“继续做某事”。例：lets go on talking about the film.我们继续谈论这部影片。 go on 后面还可以接介词with加名词的短语，也可以接不定式to do…，其区别：go on doing表示“继续做（同一件事）”， go on to do 表示“继续做（另一件事）”，go on with 后接名词，表示“继续……”，可能动作有间断。例：
I couldn’t finish my work, so I have to go on with it tomorrow.
我无法完成作业，所以明天得继续做。
It is raining but the farmers go on working in the fields.
尽管在下雨，但农民还坚持在田里干活。
After reading Lesson One, we went on read Lesson Two.
读完第一课后，我们又接着读第二课。
2.Jiang Hongling was catching up fast, too, but not fast enough.
enough 1)n.充足:(数量),足够:(量)例:
I’ve had enough. Thanks a lot.我已吃饱了,多谢.
2)adj.充分的、足够的。置于名词之前或名词之后。如：
We have enough seats for everyone. 我们有足够的座位,每人都有。
3）adv.足够地置于形容词、副词后面。如：
The house is big enough for three of us to live in.
这房子给我们三个人住已足够大了。
3.She did rather badly.她表现得相当糟。
rather＝quite相当
常用来修饰意义“不好”的形容词和副词或表示不喜欢的意义。如：
rather old 相当旧，rather cold相当冷。修饰名词时，可放在冠词前。如：rather a cold day.
4.Congratulations, Lin tao!祝贺你,林涛。
这是表示祝贺的用语，常用复数形式。可单独使用,也可以与to搭配使用,表示向谁祝贺。与介词on搭配使用,表示因……而祝贺某人。如：
Congratulations to you on your good result.向你祝贺取得好成绩。
5.Li Lei ran much faster than the other boys. 李雷比其他男生跑得快得多。
此句用了比较级形式表示最高级的意义。比较级形式表示最高级意义大致有十种结构,现归纳如下:
1）主语+谓语+比较级+than+the others。如:
This story is more interesting than the others。
2）主语+谓语+比较级+than+any other+单数名词。如:
She jumps higher than any other girl in her class。
3）主语+谓语+比较级+than+any of the others。 如:
He runs faster than any of the others in his class.
4）主语+谓语+比较级+than+anyone/anything else。如:
The man spoke more slowly than anyone else in his office。
5）主语+谓语+比较级+than+all of the others。如:
The girl is more careful than all of the others in her class。
6）主语+谓语+比较级+than+all the others。如:
This skirt is more beautiful than all the others in the shop。
7）主语+谓语+比较级+than+any of the other+名词复数。如:
He is taller than any of the other students in his class。
8）主语+谓语+比较级+than+the other+名词复数。如:
Lesson One is more difficult than the other lessons in this book.
9）No one+谓语+比较级+than+sb./sth。如:
No one can speak French better than him in this school.
10）No other+单数名词+谓语+比较级+than sb./sth。如:
No other river is longer than the Changjiang River in China.
二、学海导航
【学法指要】
1.选择填空
1）Lucy won race in the school sports meeting.
A.400 metres of girls B.the girl’s 400 metre
C.the girls 400-metres D.the girs’ 400-metre
【答案】D
【分析】该句意思是“Lucy在校运动会女子四百米中获胜。”用数词+名词，中间连字符
连接，名词不使用复数，通常构成形容词用作定语，类似结构有数词+名词+形容词，如：a ten-year-old 一个十岁男孩。也可不用连字符号（-），但名词要变复数，这种结构修饰形容词做程度状语，如：The river is 50 metres wide.这条河50米宽。因此“400米比赛”有两种表示法，即the 400-metre race和the 400metres race。另外，名词所有格通常用于有生命：名词后加“’s”或“’”。故此题应该选择D。
2)The house isn’t for the whole family to live .
A.enough big,/ B. big enough,/
C. large enough, in D. enough large, by
【答案】C
【分析】该句意思是“这房子对全家人住在里面来说不够大。”当enough修饰形容词和副词时，一般放在被修饰词之后。例如：you didn’t write carefully enough.你写得不够细心。The rope is not long enough. It can’t reach the wall.这条绳子不够长，够不到墙那里。该句主语house从逻辑上分析是live的宾语。但live是不及物动词，因此in不能省略。故此题应选C。
3)The bell didn’t wake him up.He .
A. went on to sleep B. went on sleeping
C. goes on sleep D. went on sleep
【答案】B
【分析】首先,通过第一句一般过去时判断出第二句的时态也应是一般过去时。go on doing“继续做某事”，即做原来在做的那件事。该句意思是“铃声没有唤醒他，他继续睡觉（他原来就在睡觉）”。又如：
When he was in hospital, he went on writing his paper.
当他住院时，他继续在写他的论文。
关于go on 详解请参看【指点迷津】。
4)The girls Class Three ran fast on the first lap .
A. in B. of C. from D. off
【答案】C
【分析】介词from表示某人来自某处,可能是作为代表来的,不用of ,故选C。
5)Who did you pass the stick at the end of the second lap？
A. on B. on to C. at D.不填
【答案】B
【分析】pass…on to sb.表示“把……传递给……”，疑问词who在句中作介词to的宾
语，不能丢掉。该句疑问词还可以用whom，即Whom did you pass the stick on to at the end of the second lap?故选B。
6)Zhang Jun was first the high jump.He jumped one metre and sixty-seven.
A.in…over B. in…up C. on…over D. at…on
【答案】A
【分析】be in ,表示“参加……项目”；jump over“表示跳过……高度”。故此题选A。
2.句子改写
1）Wang Lin runs fastest in our class.
Wang Lin runs than students in our class.
【答案】faster, the other
【分析】该句是:“王林在我们跑得最快。” 用最高级形式表达的，还可以用比较级来表示。用比较级表达最高级形式共为十种，详解参看【指点迷津】。根据所给条件，将符合题意的是第8种。
2）Who won the first
Who in the race?
【答案】was the first?
【分析】在比赛中获胜的或者失利的标志就是名次。因此,本题可以用序数词来完成.
再如:Li Lei runs fastest in the class.
Li Lei than student in the class. (Key: faster, any other)
3）Wu Peng can’t catch up with the others.
Wu Peng the others.
【答案】fulls behind
【分析】该句意思是“吴朋不能赶上其他人。”从句意上可以找出一个短语“fall behind”与原句意思相当。译为“落后于……，落在……的后面”。同时，主语为单数第三人称，因此加“s”。
【妙文赏析】
Mr and Mrs Smith have just opened a small restaurant. In order to attract customers(吸引顾客),they put a notice in front of the restaurant, which said “Meals on the House for Three Days.”
A foreign student who didn’t know much English happened(恰巧)to pass by the restaurant on the second day. It was lunch time and he felt very hungry. “Well, here is a restaurant. I am going to have something to eat.” He walked towards the restaurant when he saw the notice. “American people are really strange(奇怪的).They even eat dinners on the house! But how can I get up to the top of the house?” he said to himself.
He looked around and found a ladder against a tree nearby. He was very glad.But as he reached the top he heard someone shouting at him. “Hey, what are you doing up there?” Mr Smith was looking at him angrily and beside him was a policeman.
“Doesn’t your notice say ‘Meals on the Hose for Three Days’? Is it just a joke?” the foreign student answered.
On hearing this, both Mr Smith and the policeman laughed. “Do you know what ON THE HOUSE mean? Look it up in the dictionary”, the policeman suggested(建议).
【思维体操】
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Mr Evans lives in a city. He was a maths 1 three years ago. He taught well and his students 2 him. So he decided to work in the middle school in his life. But a terrible accident 3 his fortune(命运).
One spring he took his class to 4 a place of interest. The children saw a lot of 5 things and had a good time there. But on their way to school, their 6 was hit by a truck because the young driver was drunk(醉的). Five students 7 and more than half of the children were 8 accident. He didn’t know how it had happened and was very 9 it and after he came out of hospital, he left the school and became a 10 .He tried his best to stop the drivers from breaking the traffic regulations(违反交通规则). He worked hard and was strict with the drivers. So they were afraid of him.
One afternoon it was very hot. Mr Evans was 11 .He was standing at the crossing and watching the traffic. Suddenly he saw a 12 rushing towards the crossing. It ran so fast that it almost hit a man 13 a bike. He stopped it at once and saw a girl in it.
“ 14 your licence to me ,madam,” Said Mr Evans.
The girl landed her bag to him and said, “Please look for it in it 15 . I can’t see anything without glasses.”
1.A. worker B. teacher C. cloctor D. farmer
2.A. liked B. wished C. hilped D. answered
3.A. beat B. won C. lost D. changed
4.A. build B. break C. visit D. find
5.A. terrible B. dangerous C. safe D. interesting
6.A. bus B. train C. car D. ship
7.A. left B. lived C. died D. fell
8.A. beat B. injured(伤) C. touched D. stopped
9.A. sad about B. afraid of C. interested in D. worried about
10.A. soldier B. policeman C. bookseller D. cleaner
11.A. in the corner B. at home C. on duty D. in the office
12.A. runner B. policeman C. player D. car
13.A. riding B. selling C. buying D. making
14.A. Throw B. Show C. Lend D. Copy
15.A. you B. I C. yourself D. myself
【答案与分析】
1.从下文可知Mr Evans是教师,这四个选项只有B可与maths搭配。故选B。
2.由于Mr Evans教得好,学生才喜欢他。故选A。
3.从后面内容可知Mr Evans当了警察,这是因为那次事故便他改行了。这就是说，那次
事故改变了他的命运。故选D。
4.Mr Evans当然是领学生去参观名胜。故选C。
5.游历名胜，所见到的当然是有趣的东西。故选D。
6. 可运载一个班的学生去旅游的定是“bus” 。故选A。
7.出了那么严重的交通事故，定有伤亡。故选C。
8.be injured是“受伤”，正合文意。故选B。
9.学生死伤那么多，作为教师，Mr Evans当然很伤心。故选A。
10.从后面说Mr Evans要尽力防止交通事故分析，他是改行当警察了。故选B。
11.Mr Evans站在十字路口观察车辆运行，说明他在值班。故选C。
12.从下文可知这里指的是汽车。故选D。
13.这四个选项均与bike搭配，但从文意来看只会是“骑”自行车的。故选A。
14.警察要那位姑娘出示驾驶证。故选B。
15.这位姑娘说她不戴眼镜的时候什么都看不见，因此让Mr Evans自己在她的手提包里
找驾驶证。故选C。
三、智能显示
【心中有数】
1.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级：相互转换。详解请参看【指点迷津】。
2.英语习惯日期排列顺序应是：星期、月、日、年，且星期前加介词on， 如：on Sunday，May 15th 。
3.rather修饰单数可数名词的形容词定语时，应放在a之前，如：
They are rather a strong team， aren’t they?
4.farther与further的区别：farther单指距离远，而further表示程度上的进一步，用于抽象意义.如：
This small island is farther than that one.这个岛比那个岛远。
He decided to make a further study of the problem.他决定制定一个关于这个问题较长远的计划。
5.Pass…on to sb.表示“把……传给某人”其中on是副词,如果宾语为代词,应将代词放在on 前面。如:
Could you pass it on to Lucy, please?请你把它递给露西好吗?
6.fast ,quickly和soon的区别:
这三个单词的汉语都有“快”之意。fast侧重于运动着动作速度之快；quickly指动作反映敏捷、或完成得快，具有即刻行动，毫不耽搁之意义；soon指（时间上）不久的将来将发生某个动作或某种情况。如：
He ran fast.他跑得很快。
He quickly got up and went on running.他迅速爬起来，继续跑。
The show began soon after the dinne.表演在晚餐后很快就开始了。
7．drop与fall辩析：
drop可作及物动词,而fall不能。表示有意或无意的“掉下”某一物体或故意“跌倒”时，用drop。如：
Bad luck! He dropped the stick!真倒霉！他掉棒了。
He was so tired that he dropped himself into the chair
他累得不行了，重重地往椅子上一坐。
drop与fall都可用作不及物动词，表示“掉下”，“落下”。如：
The teapot dropped out of her hand.荼壶从他手中落下。
The book fell from the table to the floor.
那本书从桌上落到地上。
8.当你听到不好的消息时对对方进行安慰时的用语。如:
A: Did you do well in the exam?
B: NO, I made a lot of mistakes. I didn’t pass it.
A: I’m sorry to hear that. But don’t lose heart. Study hard and try to do better next time.
【动脑动手】
各级各类考题精选
1.lost my wallet on my way home.
.
A．well done B．bad done
C．Good luck D．Bad luck
【答案】D
【分析】当听到不好的消息时，对对方进行安慰。故选D。
2.Mary sings better than in her class.
A. other girls B. the other girl C. The others girl D. any other girl
【答案】D
【分析】此句译文“玛丽比班上其他人唱歌都好。”是用比较级形式表示最高级。详解请参看【指点迷津】。故选D。
3.Last Sunday Lily and I went to the Great wall. we walked on the wall.
A. with necks B. a neck with a neck
C. neck and neck D. neck with neck
【答案】C
【分析】该题译为“上星期天,我和Lily去长城,我们在长城上并肩漫步。”neck and neck是固定用法。又如: shoulder to shoulder齐心协力地，并肩地； side by side并肩地，互相支持地； hand in hand(两个人)手牵手,共同地。故此是题选C。
4.He ran much than the other boys. At the end of the first lap, he passed the stick on to the next runner.
A. fast…fast B. quickly…quickly
C. faster…quickly D. quickly…fast
【答案】C
【分析】much用在形容词 或副词比较级前,表示“多”。fast和quickly都有“快地、迅速地”意思，fast指动作速度快，多用来修饰运动着的事物；quickly多指时间短暂，反应敏捷。故此题选C。
5. ,everyone!
A. Well done B. Well did C. Good done D. Good did
【答案】A
【分析】此题译为“干得好，同志们！”“Well done ”是表示祝愿的日常用语。故选A。
【创新园地】
借助词典阅读下面短文,并用英语想一想,看你是否能找出答案。
Four friends live in a small town. Their names are :Cook, Miller, Smith and Carter. They all have different jobs. One is a policeman; one is a carpenter; one is a farmer; one is a doctor.
One day Cook’s son breaks his leg, and Cook takes him to the doctor. The doctor’s sister is Smith’s wife. The farmer isn’t married. He has a lot of good hens. Miller always buys eggs from the farmer. The policeman sees Smith every day for they’re neighours.
Now, who is the policeman? Who is the carpenter? Who is the farmer? Who is the doctor?