2012届高考英语顶尖学案:新课标人教版Unit 5 First aid 急救(新课标版高考复习英语下册教案教学设计)

发布时间:2016-5-28 编辑:互联网 手机版

核心词汇

1.Everybody was informed that his wedding ____________(典礼)would be held in the beautiful park next Sunday.

2.As we all know,a fever is a ____________(症状) of illness.

3.Due to lack of ____________(治疗),some patients rescued from the ruins died soon.

4. The difficulty is __________(临时的)so we should be optimistic.

5.The burning plastic gave off ____________(有毒的)gas,which is harmful to our health.

6.He was ____________(受伤)seriously,which caused him to be absent from the 2010 World Cup.

7.The biggest problem I have to face is the language ____________(障碍)when I go abroad.

8.He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and an ____________(救护车)arrived.

9.It was ____________ of the young man to go into the burning building to rescue the little boy.He showed great ____________ in the face of danger,which was why I admired him so much.(bravely)

10.用press的适当形式填空

(1)Life is tough in the city.In order to lose their __________,some people drink alcohol.

(2)He ____________ the button and the doorbell rang.

1.ceremony 2.symptom 3.treatment 4.temporary 5.poisonous 6.injured 7.barrier 8.ambulance 9.brave;bravery 10.(1)pressure (2)pressed

高频短语

1.________________ 急救

2.________________ 生病

3.________________ 阻止……

4.________________ 烧伤

5.________________ 触电;电休克

6.________________ 榨出;挤出

7.________________ 反复;多次

8.________________ 在适当的位置;适当

9.________________ 若干;许多

10.________________ 找到

11.________________ 区别对待;有影响;起(重要)作用

1.first aid 2.fall ill 3.prevent...from... 4.get burned 5.electric shock 6.squeeze out 7.over and over again 8.in place 9.a number of 10.put one’s hands on 11.make a difference

重点句式

1.Remove clothing using scissors ____________________ it is stuck to the burn.除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上,否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话,可以使用剪刀。

2.John ____________________ in his room ________ he heard screaming.

约翰正在房间里学习,突然听到一声尖叫。

3.____________________ John’s quick action and knowledge of first aid ________ saved Ms Slade’s life.

正是约翰的快速反应和急救知识救了斯莱德女士的命。

4.____________________ John’s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life.毫无疑问,是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校所学的急救技术,使得斯莱德女士得救了。

5.It shows that a knowledge of first aid can ____________________.这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。

1.if necessary unless 2.was studying;when 3.It was;that 4.There is no doubt that 5.make a real difference

知识详解

1aid n.& vt. 帮助;援助;资助

(回归课本P33)First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.

急救就是在找到医生之前对突然生病或受伤的人给予临时性的帮助。

[归纳拓展]

①(牛津P42)This job would be impossible without the aid of a computer.

这项工作不用计算机是不行的。

②(牛津P42)One of the staff saw he was in difficulty and came to his aid(=helped him).

一名工作人员见他有困难,便过来帮忙。

[例句探源]

③We are collecting money in aid of the people who have lost their homes in Sichuan Earthquake.

我们正集资以资助那些在四川地震中失去家园的人。

④I aided the poor girl in continuing her study.

我帮助这可怜的女孩继续她的学业。

[即境活用]

1.完成句子

(1)在英语老师的帮助下,这学期我们已经取得了巨大的进步。

________ ________ ________ ________ our English teacher,we have made great progress this term.

答案:With the aid of

(2)当我身陷困境时,我所有的朋友都来帮助我。

When I was in trouble,all my friends ________ ________ ________ ________.

答案:came to my aid

2vital adj. 至关重要的;生死攸关的

(回归课本P35)If the injuries are second or third degree burns,it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.

如果是二度或者三度烧伤,至关重要的是把伤者立刻送去看医生或送往医院。

[归纳拓展]

①(牛津P2248)It is vital that you keep accurate records when you are selfMemployed.

干个体记账要准确是十分重要的。

②(牛津P2248)Reading is of vital importance in language learning.

阅读在语言学习中至关重要。

③Consideration for other people is vital to all of us.

对我们所有人而言体谅别人是极其重要的。

[例句探源]

2.完成句子

(1)依我看来,理查德对本队的成功起了至关重要的作用。

As far as I’m concerned,Richard ________ ________ ________the team’s success.

答案:is vital to

(2)我们应立即开始手术,因为这是生死攸关的。

It’s vital that we ________ ________the operation immediately.

答案:(should) carry out

[即境活用]

3treat  vt.& vi. 治疗;对待;款待

n. 款待;招待

(回归课本P38)John used these to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slade’s hands.

约翰用这些东西处理斯莱德女士手上最严重的伤口。

[归纳拓展]

①(牛津P2154)I decided to treat his remark as a joke.

我决定把他的话当作戏言。

②(天津高考)We treated each other as brothers and sisters.

我们把彼此看作兄弟姐妹。

③(牛津P2154)Don’t worry about the cost-I’ll treat you.

别担心费用,我请客。

[例句探源]

④He is seriously ill,and is being treated in hospital now.

他病得很重,现在在医院接受治疗。

⑤Let’s go out for dinner-my treat this time.

咱们出去吃饭吧!--这次我请客。

3.Although her relatives didn’t think she could live for three months,the old doctor finally ________ her of her disease.

A.cured      B.operated

C.treated D.served

解析:选A。cure sb.of a disease治愈某人的病,还可以表达为cure sb.或cure the disease。treat sb.for a disease治疗某人的病。

[即境活用]

4apply v. 应用;运用;申请;请求

(回归课本P38)He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived.

他使劲地按住伤口,使血流得慢些,一直等到警察和救护车的到来。

[归纳拓展]

①(朗文P82)I applied to four colleges and was accepted by all of them.

我申请了4所大学,全都录取了我。

②I would like to apply to become an assistant in your company.

我想申请成为你们公司的助理。

[例句探源]

③I have been out of work for half a year,so I want to apply for a job in this company.

我已经失业半年了,所以想在这家公司申请一份工作。

④What you said doesn’t apply to me.

你所说的并不适合我。

4.(2009年高考浙江卷)The good thing about children is that they________very easily to new environments.

A.adapt         B.appeal

C.attach D.apply

解析:选A。句意:作为孩子的好处是他们很容易适应新环境。adapt to为固定短语,意为“适应”。

[即境活用]

5.-What should I do?

-Clean the wound and ________ the medicine to it.

A.apply B.devote

C.Pour D.squeeze

解析:选A。由Clean the wound及the medicine可知应该敷(apply)药。devote奉献;pour倒;squeeze挤。

5in place 在适当的位置;适当

(回归课本P35)Hold the bandage in place with tape.

用胶布把绷带固定。

[归纳拓展]

①(牛津P1507)All the arrangements are now in place for their visit.

他们来访的一切都安排就绪了。

②You may read any book on the shelf on condition that you promise to put the book in place.

只要你保证把书放回原处,书架上的书你可以随意看。

③(牛津P1507)I felt completely out of place among all these successful people.

夹在这些事业有成的人中间,我觉得格格不入。

[例句探源]

6.用place的短语填空:

(1)Don’t take anything away.Father likes everything to be ____________.

答案:in place 

(2)Sending email has almost ____________ writing letters.

答案:taken the place of

(3)If I had been ____________,I might have accepted the invitation.

答案:in your place

[即境活用]

6make a difference 区别对待;有影响;起(重要)作用

(回归课本P38)It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.

这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。

[归纳拓展]

①(牛津P553)Your age shouldn’t make any difference to whether you get the job or not.

你能否得到这个工作与年龄无关。

②(牛津P553)I don’t think it makes a lot of difference what colour it is.

我认为颜色无关紧要。

③It isn’t what you have done but what you will do that makes a difference.

重要的不是你做了什么而是你将要做什么。

[例句探源]

④The twins are so alike,it’s difficult to tell the difference.

这对双胞胎长得太像了,很难分出谁是谁。

[即境活用]

7.完成句子

(1)现在他们非常需要帮助,因此你的帮助当然意义重大。

They are now in great need of help.So your support will certainly ________ ________ ________.

答案:make a difference

(2)她来不来参加我们的聚会有什么关系吗?

Does it ________ ________ ________ ________she will come to our party?

答案:make any difference whether

(3)生活在大城市与生活在乡村有许多不同。

There are many ________ ________living in a big city ________ living in the countryside.

答案:differences between;and

句型梳理

1【教材原句】 Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.(P34)

除非衣服紧贴在烧伤面上,否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话,可以使用剪刀。

【句法分析】 (1)unless是连词,意为“除非,如果不”,引导的是一个肯定条件状语从句,从句有时可以与if...not...引导的否定状语从句互换。

①(牛津P2207)Unless something unexpected happens,I’ll see you tomorrow.

如果不出意外,我明天去看你。

②(2009年高考四川卷)Owen wouldn’t eat anything unless he cooked it himself.

欧文只吃他自己做的饭菜。

③We will have a picnic in the park this Sunday unless it rains or it’s very cold.

除非下雨或天很冷,我们将在本周日去公园野餐。

(2)stick to

a.粘在……之上

④A piece of chewing gum stuck to my shoe.

一片口香糖粘在了我的鞋上。

b.坚持

⑤He always sticks to his promise.他总是坚守自己的诺言。

⑥If you stick to the truth,you’ve nothing to fear.

你要是坚持真理就可以无所畏惧。

8.(2010年高考课标全国卷)The little boy won’t go to sleep ________ his mother tells him a story.

A.or          B.unless

C.but D.whether

解析:选B。句意:除非妈妈给他讲故事,否则小男孩就不去睡觉。本题考查连词。or或者,否则;unless除非;but但,除……之外;whether是否。根据语境可知,这里用unless表示“除非……否则……”。

[即境活用]

9.Once a decision has been made,all of us should ________ it.

A.direct to B.stick to

C.lead to D.refer to

解析:选B。stick to坚持;lead to导致;refer to参考,查阅。句意:一旦做出决定,我们都应该坚持它。

2【教材原句】 If burns are on arms or legs,keep them higher than the heart,if possible.(P35)

如果烧伤的部位在臂部或腿部,尽可能把手臂或腿抬到高于心脏的位置。

【句法分析】 if possible如果可能的话,是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式,相当于if it is possible。

①If possible,we’d like a table in a private room.

如果可能的话,我们希望要一张包间的餐桌。

②If possible,try to speak English as often as you can.

如果可能的话,尽可能经常地讲英语。

[归纳拓展]

③Will you be free this evening?If so,let’s go to the concert together.

你今晚有空吗?如果有,我们一起去听音乐会吧。

④Is anybody feeling cold?If not,let’s open the windows.

有人感到冷吗?如果没有的话,我们把窗户打开。

⑤If necessary,I will go there myself.

如果必要的话,我将亲自去那儿一趟。

10.-Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday?

-Yes,________,I’m going to visit some homes for the old in the city.

A.if ever         B.if busy

C.if anything D.if possible

解析:选D。句意:有的,如果有可能的话我想去拜访城市的养老院。

[即境活用]

11.-I hear Alice was badly injured in the accident and sent to hospital.

-________,we should go and see her immediately.

A.If so

B.When necessary

C.On condition that

D.Believe it or not

解析:选A。考查省略。句意:--我听说Alice在事故中受伤严重,并且被送进了医院。--如果是那样的话,我们应该马上去看她。If so表示“如果这(那)样的话……”;When necessary表示“有必要时……”;On condition that表示“如果……”;Believe it or not表示“信不信由你”。根据语意可知选A项。

3【教材原句】 John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.(P38)

约翰正在房间里学习,突然听到一声尖叫。

【句法分析】 when在此句中意为“这时,突然”,相当于at this/that time,常用于以下结构中:

be doing...when...正在……这时……

be about to do...when...正打算做……这时……

be just going to do...when...正要……这时……

had just done...when...刚做了……这时……

be on the point of doing...when...正要……这时……

①We were about to leave when a big noise came from the next room.我们正要离开时隔壁发出了巨大的响声。

②We were discussing the problem when there was a power failure.我们正在讨论那个问题,这时停电了。

③I was on the point of calling him when he came in.

我正要给他打电话,这时他进来了。

12.She opened her eyes with a start and was about to cry________she heard her father urgently telling her to keep quiet.

A.while           B.when

C.before D.after

解析:选B。句意:她猛地睁开眼睛,刚要哭,这时她听到她父亲急忙告诉她要保持安静。be about to do sth.when...为固定句型,其中的when为并列连词,相当于and at that time。

[即境活用]

13.-Where’s that report?

-I brought it to you________you were in Mr.Black’s office yesterday.

A.if B.when

C.because D.before

解析:选B。句意:“那份报告在哪里?”“昨天在布莱克先生办公室的时候我给你了。”根据句意判断,此处应为时间状语,故选when。

14.There were some chairs left over ________ everyone had sat down.

A.when B.until

C.that D.where

解析:选A。句意:虽然所有人都坐下了,但还有一些椅子剩下。when放在句中时有even though之意。

作文指导

应用文(例:书信类)

【体裁导航】

英文书信一般分为商业信函(Business Letters)和私人书信(Personal Letters)两种,而高考书面表达一般都是要求写私人书信。英文书信格式与中文书信格式有许多不同,它包括五部分,即信头、称呼、正文、结束语和签名,具体如下:

1.信头:寄信人的地址和写信日期,写在信的右上角。注意英语中地名的写法与中文不同,要从小到大;日期的写法也与中文不同,不是写在签名之下,而是写在寄信人的地址之下。习惯上人们采用美式英语表达,即月、日、年,月、日与年之间用逗号隔开,月份尽量不要缩写,如June 8,2007;而英式英语表达则为日、月、年,中间不用逗号隔开,如8 June 2007。

2.称呼:自成一行,顶格写。称呼语常用:Dear Sir/Madam/Manager/Editor/friends/Bob,称呼之后一般用逗号。

3.正文:信件的主体部分即为信的正文。正文写在称呼的下一行,与Dear后第一个单词对齐。正文通常包括三部分,即开头、目的和结尾。正文的开头语常用:Thank you for your last letter asking about...;I’m glad to...。正文的结尾语是正文的一部分,常常另起一行,常用的结尾有:I’m looking forward to your reply;Thanks and all the best;Best wishes;Wishing you a pleasant journey。

4.结束语:结束语与正文的结尾语不一样,它要写在结尾语的下一行,位于书信的右下角,后面用逗号。常用的结束语有:Yours sincerely/faithfully/truly;Sincerely/Truly yours;Yours等。

5.签名:签名写在结束语的下一行,与结束语对齐,也就是签上写信人的名字。

一封正规的私人书信格式如下:

Dear David,

I’ve learned it from the Internet that you want to make a Chinese friend so as to learn the Chinese language and culture.

______________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________

I’m looking forward to your reply.

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

【写作示例】

假设你叫李平,你从报上得知某公司欲招聘一名英语翻译,请你给该公司经理写一封求职信,你的个人资料如下:

姓名 李平 性别 男 年龄 30岁

毕业学校 北京师范大学 身体状况 健康 身高 1.80米

工作经历 2000年至2003年 任教于南通中学

2003年至现在  任教于苏州中学

特长技能 精通英语,尤其是口语,曾将多本中文书籍译成英语。

业余爱好 游泳、唱歌、跳舞

联系电话 0512-8765432 联系地址 苏州市人民路1号

要求:1.根据上述要点,写一封求职信;

2.要点齐全,行文连贯;

3.词数:150左右。

【写作要领】

求职信属于公务信函,格式和用词比较正规。

信的内容可分为三部分:一、 写信目的;二、自我介绍;三、要求与愿望。第一部分(第1段)为信的开头,直截了当地提出想要应聘英语翻译一职,并表示出诚意。第二部分(第2段和第3段)为自我介绍,详细说明自己的基本状况、学历、工作经历、特长、爱好等。在行文、用词上要表现出自信、恳切的态度,语言简明扼要,突出介绍自己的优点,与众不同的特长或有利条件。还要紧扣用人单位的需求,巧用词语,勇敢地说服对方:此职位非你莫属。

第三部分(第4段和第5段)再次表明自己申请该工作的诚意,并可提出要求进一步联系的途径,如留下电话号码或联系地址,还可以主动提出接受面试或考核等。另外,信的结尾处应表达一下希望尽快答复的心愿。

注意:此文用第一人称来写,主体时态用一般现在时。

【金点模板】

Dear____________,

I write this letter to apply for the position that you have advertised in______________(报纸名称)of____________(广告发布时间). /I am applying for the position of________________(想申请的职务) advertised in________________.

I majored in________________(专业). My training in________________(接受过的培训) definitely meets your qualifications. My complete resume is attached.

I will graduate on________________(毕业时间)from________________(毕业院校). In addition to the required courses of my major, I have________________(除专业外,选修的课程). I also have some experience in____________(曾有过的社会工作经验). You will find me to be________________(请对方对自己有信心).

May I have a personal interview at your convenience?

I can be reached by telephone. / If you need to know more about me, please feel free to contact me at any time at________________(电话号码).

Thank you for considering my application, and I am looking forward to meeting you.

Yours sincerely,

Li Ming

【范文点评】

Dear manager,

①I learned from the newspaper that your company wanted to hire an English translator.②I’m interested in this job very much because I have been dreaming of being a translator.

Now I’d like to introduce myself to you.My name is Li Ping.I’m a young man of 30, 180 cm tall and healthy.In my spare time I enjoy swimming, dancing and singing.

③After graduation from Beijing Normal University in 2000 as one of the most excellent students, I went to work as an English teacher in Nantong High School for three years.Since 2003, I’ve been working in Suzhou High School.

④During my teaching career, I have made a lot of friends in various fields and developed profound friendship with each other.I’m proficient in English and I’ve translated many Chinese books into English.⑤My spoken English is especially good and my foreign friends often praise me for my accent.

⑥I do hope that my qualifications and experiences meet your demands.If so, please write a letter to me or phone me.I live at No.1 Renmin Road, Suzhou City.My phone number is 05128765432.

⑦I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.

Yours truly,

Li Ping

点评:

①I learned from the newspaper交代信息来源。

②dream of doing sth.用得恰到好处,表明求职的诚意。

③该处as one of the most excellent students突出自己的优势;after引出时间状语,使句式更多样化。

④介绍个人工作经历,并根据所申请工作的特点,突出自己善于交际的能力。

⑤通过适当地添加细节,说明自己擅长英语口语。

⑥用助动词do表强调,充分表现出想得到这份工作的急迫心情。

⑦以书信中的常用句式收尾,规范得体。

【类题尝试】

阅读下面一则广告,按要求完成写作任务。

EIL International English Summer Camp

Volunteer Wanted

EIL was founded in Britain in 1936 with the fundamental aim of international understanding “Learn to live together by living together”.

Requirements:Over 16;good knowledge of English;outgoing;working well with children between 7~12

Activities:Language study, outdoor recreation and travel

Campers :Students from different countries

Campsite: Mount Wuyi, Fujian

Time: July 26~August 9

Application deadline: July 15, 2010

If interested, please email to info@ eiluk.org

假设你是李华,这则广告引起了你的兴趣,请用英文写一封自荐信。要点如下:

1.对夏令营主题的理解;

2.根据招聘要求自我介绍;

3.参加夏令营的目的。

注意:1.信的开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数;

2.词数100左右。

Dear Sir,

I’m Li Hua from Fujian.______________________

___________________________________________

___________________________________________

___________________________________________

I am looking forward to your early reply.

Sincerely yours,

Li Hua

One possible version:

Dear Sir,

I’m Li Hua from Fujian.When I was reading the advertisement, the aim of this activity impressed me greatly.I think it instructive to learn to live together by living together.It is a good opportunity for the only child like me to learn to share and work together.Therefore I recommend myself to you without hesitation.

As a boy of 17, I am outgoing, good at English and have experience of working well with children aged from 7 to 12.I think it is a kind of winwin activity.For one thing, I can help take care of the children.For another thing, I can improve my English, make more friends, and enrich my life during the summer vacation.

I am looking forward to your early reply.

Sincerely yours,

Li Hua

(小周)