语篇领悟
1. Which of the following is correct about the Olympic Games?
A The first modern Olympic Games took place around the year 776 in Greece.
B All the women athletes were not allowed to take part in the old Olympic Games
C 311 competitors from 13 countries took part in the old Olympic Games
D The Olympic Games were never forgotten even though they were stopped for centuries
2. ____ are the old games in which the athletes competed in the old Olympics
A Sailing and shooting B Running and horse-riding
C Jumping and wrestling D Shooting and running
3. How many countries joined 9in the first modern Olympic Games?
A 311 B. 227 C. 300 D. 13
4. Which of the following is not mentioned in the text?
A. When the old Olympic games stopped
B. Why the old Olympic games stopped
C. Whether women were allowed to take part in the old Olympic games.
D. Where the 27th Olympic games were held.
5. Which of the following is not true according to the text?
A. Women were unfairly treated around 776BC
B. Horse-riding isn’t included in the Olympic games
C. Every athlete tries to win a medal in the Olympic games
D. China is very strong in gymnastics and diving.
6. What does “another great competition ” refer to?
A. The 2004 Summer Olympic Games
B. The 2002 Winter Olympic Games in Salt Lake city in the USA
C. The competition between countries to host the Olympic Games.
D. The Football World Cup in South Korea.
7. Which could be another title for the text?
A. The Summer Olympic Games
B. The Winter Olympic Games
C. The World’s Greatest Sports Games
D. A Great Victory for China
8. which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. the Chinese team was the second strongest in the 25th summer Olympic
B. in Barcelona men athlete won more than 4 gold medals for the Chinese team
C. the Olympic games stopped in 193 AD because of corruption(腐败) and cheating
D. Now many countries compete to hold the Olympics because they can benefit a lot from the games
9. What will happen in 2010?
A The 28th Olympic Games will be held
B The 30th Olympic Games will be held
C The Olympic Games will be held in Beijing
D The Winter Olympic Games will be held
10. Why do countries compete to host the Olympic Games?
A Hosting the Olympic Games is considered to be an honor for a country
B The host country will certainly win more gold medals
C The athletes of the host country do not have to travel abroad
D Hosting the Olympic Games makes a country very rich
Keys: D C D B B C C D D A
Language Points:
1. What does the five Olympic rings stand for?
代替,代表,象征
字母UK 代表联合王国.
The letters UK stand for the United Kingdom.
主张,支持
我们主张言论自由.
We stand for freedom of speech.
2. Each question is worth one point.
Worth n. 价值
这幅画没有多大的价值
This painting is of little worth.
这是一本有真正价值的书
This is a book of real worth.
adj. 值…的，价值… 的
这本旧书值多少钱? 30 美元.
How much is this old book worth? It’s worth $30.
电影泰坦尼克很值得再看一遍.
The film Titanic is well worth seeing once again.(表示很,非常worth用well修饰,不可用very修饰)
这个问题很值得再考虑一下.
The question is well worth thinking over.
这本书值得一读.
This book is worth reading.= This book is worthy of being read. = This book is worthy to be read.
3. I would rather watch it than play it.
Would rather 为情态动词,接动词原形,用于以下结构:
do sth.
Would rather not do sth.
do sth. than do sth.= would do sth. rather than do sth.
他宁可考试不及格,也不愿意抄别人的答案.
He would rather fail in the exam than copy other’s answers.
他愿意尽力帮助那些需要帮助的人.
He’d rather do his best to help those who are in need of help.
Would rather 后接宾语从句,从句可用虚拟语气形式,,用一般过去时表示现在或将来的行为,用过去完成时表示过去的行为.
我宁愿你明天来.
I would rather you came tomorrow.
我宁愿你现在就去.
I would rather you went now.
我真希望你昨天在那儿.
I’d rather you had been there yesterday.
4. Every four years athletes from all over the world take part in the Olympic Games.
Every adj. 与数词或few, other连用，表示“每,每隔”表示时间或空间的间隔.具体用法:
Every+基数词+复数名词
Every+序数词+单数可数名词
每年 every year 每两年/每隔一年 every two years/second year 每三年/每隔两年every three years/ third year
我每隔两天( 每三天)到那儿去一趟.
I go there every three days/third day.
每隔六小时吃一次药
Take the medicine every six hours.
Every other + 单数名词 “每隔一”every other day/ year / line 每隔一天/年/行
Every +few +复数名词 “每隔几”every few meters 每隔几米
高考题: These plants are watered_____.B
A. each other day B. every other day C. each of two days D. every of two days
每隔一天every second/ other day , every two days
5. Some of the games in which the young men competed were: running, jumping and wrestling.
Game, match 与competition
Game多用与美国英语,match 多用于英国英语,指非正式的比赛多用game, 指预先安排好的比赛多用match, game常指有一定的规则,决定胜负的脑力或体力方面的竞技, match 多指网球,足球,高尔夫球等运动项目的比赛,competition强调通过个人的体力,智力或技能等的竞赛而获取名次的各种比赛.
他赢了头两场比赛,但输了第三场.
He won the first two games but lost the third.
他们与另一所学校进行了一场足球赛.
They played a football match against another school.
她在选美比赛中获得了第二名.
She took the second place in the beauty competition.
Compete vi.竞赛,竞争
Compete in 在某一方面竞争
Compete for 为 而竞争
Compete with/ against 与 竞争
有多少运动员参加马拉松赛跑？
How many runners will be competing in the marathon?
那两队都要争当冠军
The two teams compete for the championship.
他相信没有人能与他抗衡
He believed that nobody could compete with him.
competition
competitor
6. Women were not allowed to take part in the games.
Allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事，相当与let sb. do sth.
名词/代词
allow+ sb. to do sth. (sb. be allowed to do)
doing sth.
我们不允许在此吸烟
We don’t allow smoking here.
我的父母不允许我在外面呆得太晚
My parents don’t allow me to stay out late.
我们不被允许在学校聚会
We are not allowed to have a party at school.
练习
He is said to _____ to his country because a new president comes into power. （A）
A. be allowed to return B. allow to return C. allow returning D. be allowed returning
7. The first Olympic Games in modern times happened in 1896.
In modern times在现代 in old/ancient times在古代
特例 in Shakespeare’s time = in the time of Shakespeare 在莎士比亚时代
Times 时代，时期，境况，日子
这些年你过得很苦吗
Have times been hard for you these years?
时代变了，我们不应该落伍
Times have changed, and we shouldn’t fall behind them.
这是当代速度最快的计算机
It is the fastest computer of modern times.
Times 表示 倍数，次数
为了环境的改善问题他们已经争吵过多次了
They quarreled with each other about the improvement of environment many times.
这个房间是那个房间的三倍
This room is three times as big as that one.
8. In Sydney the Chinese team got 28 gold medals, ranking the third of all the competing countries.
Ranking… 现在分词作结果状语。现在分词（短语）可在句子中作时间状语，原因状语，方式或伴随状语，结果状语等，逻辑上的主语通常是主句的主语。
听到这个消息，他高兴的跳起来了 (时间状语)
Hearing the news, he jumped with joy.
由于不知道他的电话号码，我无法打电话给他 （原因状语）
Not knowing his telephone number, I can’t ring him.
他跑着到我们这边来了（伴随或方式状语）
He came running towards us.
那孩子跌倒了，头撞到了门上（结果状语）
The child fell, striking his head against the door.
我乘的火车6点出发，10点到达上海 （补充说明，相当于and arrived）
My train started at six, arriving in Shanghai at ten.
9. The people of Beijing, and of the whole country, will be preparing to light the Olympic torch to welcome athletes and sports fans from all over the world.
Prepare 准备,常用于下面的结构：
prepare sth. 准备某物
Prepare for sth. 为某事做准备
Prepare to do sth. 准备做某事
Prepare sb for sth/ to do sth 使某人准备好做某事
Be well prepared for sth./ to do sth. 为做某事做好了准备
妈妈在厨房准备晚饭 ,而我在为晚饭做准备
Mother is preparing dinner in the kitchen, while I am preparing for the dinner.
我们在为即将到来的考试做准备
We are preparing for the coming exam.
你必须教他准备面对困难
You must prepare him to face the difficulty.
Prepare 名词preparation
为… 做准备 in preparation for (介词短语)
她买了一件外套以备冬天穿
She bought a new coat in preparation for winter.
为… 做准备 make preparations for
我们已经为即将来临的考试做了准备
We have made preparations for the coming exam.
10. Being the host of the Olympic Games will have good and bad effects on the host city.
Have an effect (effects) on/upon 对… 有影响/ 起作用
我的话对她不起作用
My words had no/little effect on him.
当学生会主席对她的学习有一定的影响
Being chairman of the Students’ Union has certain effect on her study.
11. Yao Ming has more than just size, he also has great skill and speed and he is a team player.
More than 远不止，不仅仅
和平不仅仅意味着无战争
Peace is much more than the absence of war.
比…多，甚于
那噪音我受不了
The noise was more than I could bear.
杭州的美是言语所无法描述的
The beauty of Hangzhou is more than words can describe.]
More than +单数名词做主语，谓语动词用单数
不只一个学生持反对意见
More than one student holds the opposite opinion.
12. Yao Ming is working hard to live his dream. 实现他的梦想
live实现，在口语中，通常用通俗而形象的词代替较为正式的说法
live one’s belief 实现自己的信仰
我洗它的时候，它就褪色了
When I washed it, the colors ran（faded）.
这条路通向伦敦
The road goes to (reaches) London.
13. How much does he weigh?
Weigh vt. 称…的重量
他们不知道怎么来称那头大象
They don’t know how to weigh the elephant.
vi. 重量为
那个大盒子重量很轻/重
The large box weighs light/ heavy.
他是个很高的篮球运动员，体重一百公斤
He is a tall basketball player and weighs 100 kg.
Weight n. 重量
举重 weight lifting
减肥 lose weight 增肥 put on/ gain weight
按重量 by weight
Grammar 语法
六种表示被动意思的主动结构：
1． 某些连系动词，如smell, taste, feel, sound, look, seem, prove等，用主动形式表被动意义
棉花摸上去很柔软
Cotton feels soft.
这种混合物尝起来很糟
The mixture tasted terrible.
这种方法证明是有效的
The method proved effective.
2. 有些不及物动词（其主语大多指物）可以表达被动意义。这种不及物动词有：
（1） 某些可以用来表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”的不及物动词，lock, shut, open, move, read, write, sell, wash, clean, catch, cut 等
这个房间很容易打扫
This room cleans very easily.
这种布料好洗
The cloth washes well.
这门关不上
The door won’t shut.
这首诗读起来很好
This poem reads well.
(2) 某些表示“发生happen, take place, 爆发break out 和传播spread” 的不及物动词
二十世纪九十年代，中国发生了巨大的变化
In the 1990’s, great changes took place in China.
(3) 某些可用于“主+谓+主补”结构中的不及物动词，如wear, blow 等
门给吹开了
The door blew open.
这块材料已经用薄了
This material has worn thin.
3. 不定式以主动形式表达被动意义的情况
（1） 不定式作定语与被修饰名词构成动宾关系
他说他有一个重要的会议要参加
He said he had an important meeting to attend.
(2) 在be + adj. + 不定式结构中
这水适合饮用
The water is fit to drink.
这房子难找
The house is difficult to find.
注： 用于该句型的典型形容词有 easy, hard, important, interesting, heavy, pleasant, comfortable, safe, dangerous, impossible 等
（3）不定式与疑问代词连用
The question is what to do next.
I don’t know whom to tell.
(4) 某些动词的不定式to blame, to seek, to let 等与 be连用
这房子是要出租的
The house is to let.
原因不难找到
The causes are not far to seek.
我觉得我也应该受到责备
I felt I was to blame, too.
4. 在need, want, require 等后作宾语的ing形式的动词，用主动表示被动的意义
This sentence needs improving.
The walls want painting.
5. 主语+ be + worth + v.-ing 结构中的ing形式的动词用主动形式表示被动意义
The work itself is worth doing.
Her story is worth listening to.
6. 少数暗含持续状态的动词的进行时也能表达被动意义
书正在出版中
The books are publishing.
她还上了所有欠款
She paid all that was owing.