§2.1词句贯通
1. ability n.能力；才能；才智
I doubt his ability to do the job.
我认为他没有做这项工作的能力。
She has the ability to speak English fluently.
她能流利地说英语。
Alice is a woman of great ability.
艾丽丝是个很有才能的妇女。
Writing a novel is beyond my abilities.
写长篇小说非我才能所及。
2. guidance n.指引；引导
I need guidance on this matter.
这件事我需要有人指导。
I need some guidance with my studies.
我需要有人指导我的学习。
Under his guidance I managed to solve the problem.
在他的指导下，我设法解决了那个问题。
I learned how to ski under his guidance.
我在他的指导下学习滑雪。
3. sympathy n.同情；同感；赞同
If this is true I can only give you all my sympathy.
如果这是真的，我只能向你表示同情。
When her husband died,she received manyletters of sympathy.
她丈夫去世后，她收到了很多慰问信。
have/feel sympathy for/with sb.同情某人
They don’t feel much sympathy for me.
他们不大同情我。
He has no sympathy with them in their suffering.
他不同情他们的苦难。
in/with sympathy同情地
He patted me on the shoulder in sympathy.
他同情地拍了拍我的肩膀。
She looked at the poor kids with sympathy.
她同情地看着那些可怜的孩子。
be in sympathy with赞同，同……一致
On that point I’m in sympathy with him.
在这一点上我同他一致。
They are in sympathy with your views.
他们赞同你的观点。
4. encouragement n.鼓励；促进；赞助
He received a lot of encouragement from his teacher.
他的老师给了他很多鼓励。
All she needs is some encouragement.
她所需要的就是一些鼓励的话。
With the encouragement from his father,he went abroad.
在他父亲的鼓励下，他去了国外。
He gave me great encouragement to writ enovels.
他给了我很大的鼓励去写小说。
Their interest in my writing is a great encouragement to me.
他们对我的文章感兴趣对我是很大的鼓励。
encourage vt.鼓励；激励
We encouraged our baseball team with loud cheers.
我们大声欢呼来鼓励我们的棒球队。
encourage sb.to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”
The teacher encouraged me to study abroad.
老师鼓励我们去国外学习。
My success encouraged me to continue.
我的成功鼓励我坚持下去。
encourage sb.in“鼓励/助长某人的……”
All the family encouraged the boy in his efforts to become a doctor.
全家人都鼓励这个孩子努力成为医生。
Don’t encourage him in his idle ways.
不可助长他懒惰成性。
5. impair vt.损害；损伤；削弱
Poor food impaired his health.
营养不足损害了他的健康。
The accident impaired his vision.
意外事故损伤了他的视力。
His work is impaired by stupid mistakes.
他的工作因愚蠢的错误而受损。
6.adjust vi.适应
adjust (oneself) to适应于
She soon adjusted (herself) to his way of life.
她很快适应了他的生活方式。
The body quickly adjusts itself to changes of temperature.
身体能很快自行调节以适应温度的变化。
You must adjust yourself to new circumstances.
你必须使自己适应新环境。
My eyes haven’t adjusted to the dark yet.
我的眼睛还没有适应黑暗。
adjust vt.调整；调节
You can adjust this desk to the height of any child.
这桌子可以调整以适应任何小孩的身高。
I have the brakes of my bicycle adjusted.
我请人调整自行车的车闸。
Will you adjust this clock? It’s slow.
这个时钟慢了，请你调一下好吗？
7. victory n.胜利，战胜
He has no chance of victory.
他没有获胜的机会。
Our team got the championship by 8 victories and 2 defeats.
我们球队以8胜2负的成绩获得冠军。
The game ended in a victory for our school.
比赛以我们学校获胜而结束。
注：victory常与介词over连用，意为“胜过某人”。
He thought he had scored a victory over James.
他认为他胜过了詹姆斯。
She won a narrow victory over her great rival in the tennis competition.
她在那次网球赛中险胜了她的强大对手。
He gained victory over the other candidates in the election.
他在那次选举中胜过其他候选人。
8. participate vi.参与；参加
Eighty-seven countries are expected to participate.
预计有87个国家参加。
participate in参与；参加
They actively participate in local politics.
他们积极参与当地政治。
Everyone can participate in this game.
人人都可以参加这个游戏。
Did you participate in that discussion?
你参加那次讨论了吗？
9. public adj.公众的；公共的
a public holiday节日，公共假日
a public phone公用电话
a public school公立学校
Don’t be so noisy;this is a public place.
请不要吵闹，这是公共场所。
make public公开；公布
The new economic policy will be made public early next week.
新经济政策将在下周初公布。
I don’t care to make this affair public.
我不介意将这事公之于众。
the public公众；群众；大众
Is the art museum open to the public?
这个艺术博物馆对公众开放吗？
In general,the public is/are against the new law.
总的来说，公众反对这项新法律。
in public公开地；在大众面前
He doesn’t like to speak in public.
他不喜欢在公开场合讲话。
She hardly loses her temper in public.
她很少在公众面前发脾气。
10. accessible adj.可以使用的；可以得到的；能进入的
The village is not accessible by car.
那个村子汽车无法抵达。
A telephone is put where it will be accessible.
电话要放在容易拿到的地方。
be accessible to sb.某人容易得到、了解、亲近
These documents are not accessible to the public.
这些文件是大众无法得到的。
This book is easily accessible to the young reader.
这本书是年轻读者容易懂的。
Our principal is accessible to the students.
我们校长容易和学生亲近。
§2.2发散思维
1. assist vt.援助；帮助
assist sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事
Two students assisted me with the experiment.
两个学生帮助我做这个实验。
She employed a woman to assist her with the housework.
她雇了一位妇女，帮她做家务。
assist sb.in doing sth.帮助某人做某事
He assisted my father in cleaning the car.
他帮我的父亲清洗汽车。
She asked us to assist her in carrying out the plan.
她请我们帮她实施那项计划。
assist sb.to do sth.帮助某人做某事
He assisted us to establish a new company.
他帮助我们成立了一家新公司。
A good dictionary will assist you to understand English.
好词典会帮助你理解英文。
assist in (doing) sth.帮助做某事
My father assisted in building our new house.
我父亲帮助我们盖新房子。
He thought he had a duty to assist in this movement.
他认为他有责任帮助这次活动。
2. sense n.感觉，意识；明智；常识；神智；意义
The five senses are sight,hearing,smell,taste,and touch.
五种感官是视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉和触觉。
She has a poor sense of direction.
她的方向感很差。
His speech left me with the sense that we would never be friends.
听他说话让我感到我和他绝对无法作朋友。
The old man has a good sense of humour.
那老人很幽默。
I have no sense of business.
我没有经商意识。
He is a man of good sense.
他是个通情达理的人。
She lost her senses when she heard the news.
她听到那消息后便昏了过去。
there is no sense (in) doing sth.做某事没有意义
I don’t think there is much sense in hanging about here.
我认为在此闲逛是没意义的。
There was no sense in making a child suffer like that.
让一个孩子受那样的罪是没有道理的。
make sense讲得通，有意义，能被理解；有道理，明智
No matter how you read it,this sentence doesn’t make (any) sense.
不管你怎么读，这个句子都讲不通。
It makes good sense to take care of your health.
照料好你的身体是很明智的。
Does it make sense to let little children play with matches?
让小孩子玩火柴明智吗？