Teaching objectives and demands:
1. Words and useful expressions:
Learn and master the new words and expressions in this unit: At breakfast, edge, in danger, regularly, mark, face, god, Africa, East Africa flood, level, figure, date from, rebuild, effort, make a good effort, extra temple, Egypt, Aswan, dam, the High Dam, Abu Simbel, Nile, pyramid
2. Everyday English for communication
I’d prefer to do…
What shall we do?
I’d like to do...
Can’t we...?
Maybe we could...
How about...?
I think we should do that another day.
I think that’s a good idea.
You’d better...
3. To help the students know something about Abu Simbel and the importance of protecting historic sites.
4. Language use: Manipulate listening, speaking practice
Key points:
1. Everyday English for communication
2. Words and useful expressions
3. Grammar: the grammar items about attributive clause
Time arrangement:
This unit is arrangement to be finished in 5~6 teaching periods, including a unit test.
Teaching procedures:
Lesson 89
Step 1. Revision
(1) Check the homework exercises of the previous unit.
(2) Brainstorm the topic of water. Ask the Ss What can we do with water? (Drink/wash/make electricity, etc.) Where can we find water? (Ocean/ sea/river/lake/rain, etc.) Where does our city/ town/village get water from? Collect notes on the Bb. Teach the word dam.
Step 2. Presentation
Tell the Ss Today we are going to read/listen to a dialogue about Egypt. Draw a rough map of Africa on the Bb to show the location of Egypt. Draw a rough map of Egypt to show the location of the capital Cairo, the River Nile, and Aswan in the south.
Teach the new word temple. Tell the Ss: The White family are visiting Aswan. They are talking about their plans for today. What does each person want to do today? Draw this table on the Bb.
wants to … doesn't want to …
Mr White
Mrs White
Pippa
Bob
Ask for some examples (go boating/visit Aswan/go shopping/go for a walk). Tell the Ss to copy the table into their exercise books.
Step 3. Dialogue
SB Lesson 89, Part 1. Speech Cassette Lesson 89.
Play the cassette or let the Ss read the dialogue. Tell them to write down the information in the table which they have prepared. Then get them to compare the answers by making sentences (Pippa doesn't want to visit Aswan.) Check the answers with the whole class. Go through the dialogue with the Ss and deal with any language points. Point out that Mr White makes several suggestions, using We could/can. Ask the Ss to guess the meaning of edge.
Step 4. Explanations to the dialogue
1. The White family are on holiday in Egypt. 怀特一家在埃及度假。
(1) family是表示一个集体的集合名词。当其作主语时， 谓语动词用单、复数均可。如果把它视作一个集体，则用单数； 如果把它看作这个集体中的个体，则用复数。句中的family 被视作这个集体中的个体(family members家庭成员)， 所以谓语动词用复数动词are。例如：
“How are/is your family?”--“ They are fine/It's fine, thank you.”
“你一家都好吗?”--“都好，谢谢。”
Betty's family is a happy family. They are all music lovers.
贝蒂的家庭是一个快乐的家庭。全家人都是音乐爱好者。
The five families suffering from the fire have moved to a new building.
遭受大火之苦的五家人家已经迁入一座新楼去了。
类似的集合名词还有 army( 军队 ) 、 group( 小组 ) 、organization(组织)、nation(民族)等。例如：
Our study group is an excellent group in my class.
我们学习小组是班里的优秀小组。
A group of children were playing football. 一群小孩子在踢足球。
(2) be on holiday 在度假，在休假。例如：
Some of the office workers are on holiday. They are travelling in Beijing.
有些办公室工作人员在度假，他们在北京旅游。
The Black family is on holiday on an island off the coast.
布莱克一家正在海边的一个小岛上度假。
除be on holiday之外，还可以用go on holiday。 但前者表示状态(在度假)；后者表示动作(去度假)。例如：
Jack told me that his parents had gone on holiday two days before.
杰克告诉我，他的父母亲两天前就去度假了。
2. I'd prefer to do that tomorrow. (=I'd like to visit the town of Aswan tomorrow.) 我想明天去参观阿斯旺市。
“I'd prefer…”是“I should/would prefer…”的缩略语，是表示偏爱的交际用语，后跟不定式，构成“I'd prefer to do sth.”结构， 意思是“我更喜欢干……”或“我宁愿干……”。根据上下文，to do that = to visit the town of Aswan。例如：“Shall we take a bus?”--“No, I'd prefer to walk.”
“我们坐公共汽车好吗?”--“不，我宁愿走路。”
“There are several places we could visit. We could visit the Great Wall today. ”--“ I'd prefer to do that tomorrow.” “有好几个地方可以去参观。今天我们可以参观长城。 ”--“我倒希望明天去。”
3. I'd like to do some shopping, but not during the day. (=…， but I don't like to do shopping during the daytime.) 我想买点东西，但不想在白天去。
I'd like to take a boat on the River Nile. 我想乘船在尼罗河上玩玩。
这两句中的“I'd like…”是“I should/would like …”的缩略语，后跟不定式，构成“I'd like to do sth.”结构。它是表示意愿或希望的交际用语， 意思是“我很想干某事”、“我希望干某事”。例如：
I'd like to talk with her; she is such a kind woman.
我很想同她谈谈话，她是一个非常和霭的女人。
It's a lovely day; I'd like to go swimming in the river.
天气很好，我想去河里游泳。
The summer holiday is coming; I'd like to go back to my hometown as soon as possible. 暑假就要来了，我想尽快回家乡去。
4. Can't we visit the High Dam? (=Shall we visit the High Dam?) 我们难道不可以参观高坝吗?(去参观高坝好吗?)
“can't we…?”是表示建议的交际用语。是一个否定疑问句，提出个人的建议和看法，希望得到肯定的答复，有时含有责难、惊讶等情绪。例如：
“Can't we go shopping in the evening?”--“of course.”
“难道不可以晚上去买东西吗?”--“当然可以。”
We are students. Can't we have the right to speak?
我们是学生，难道就没有权利说话了吗?
5. I don't feel like walking very much today. (= I don't want to walk very far or for a long time.) 我今天不太想走路。
feel like是短语动词，作“想要”解(want)， 后面常跟动词的-ing形式。 “feel like doing sth. ” 是“想要干某事”的意思。例如：
She was sad when she got the news. She fell like crying.
她得到这个消息时很忧伤，她想哭。
“How are you feeling today?”--“ Not very well. I don't feel like eating.”
“今天你觉得怎么样?”--“不太好，我不想吃饭。”
“Do you feel like drinking some beer? ”--“ No, thank you.”
“你想喝点啤酒吗?”--“不喝，谢谢。”
6. It's on the edge of the lake that has been made by the dam . (=The temple is by the side of the lake. It is a man-made lake as a result of the building of the dam.) 寺庙座落在由于建坝而开挖出的湖的边上。
(1) 句中的“It”指上文所说的“The temple at Abu Simbel”。句中的“the lake”指纳赛尔湖(Lake Nasser)， 它是由于兴建大坝而开挖出的人工湖，全长449公里。“…that has been made by the dam”是定语从句，修饰先行词lake。
(2) on the edge of (=by the side of)在……边缘。例如：
Don't stand on the edge of the well. It's dangerous.
不要站在井边上，那很危险。
There are some benches on the edge of the lake. 湖边上有几条长凳子。
You'd better not put the glass on the edge of the table; it might fall off.
你最好不要把玻璃杯放在桌子边上，它可能摔下来。
7. How about that? (=How do you think about that?) 你认为这个意见如何?
“How/what about…?是用来征求意见， 询问情况或提出建议的交际用语，后面通常跟名词、代词或动词的 -ing 形式。本句中的that指上文的“乘船游尼罗河，然后参观阿斯旺”这件事。例如：
“I'd like to visit the nature park. How about you? ” --“I'll go with you.”
“我想去参观天然公园，你呢?”--“我同你一道去。”
“I think we could have a boat trip in the lake first, and then go shopping. What about that? ”--“I think that's a good idea.” “我看先在湖里乘船游览，然后再去买东西。这个意见怎么样? ” --“我认为是个好主意。”
8. Then anyone who wants to can go for a walk round Aswan after the boat trip. (=Those who want to visit Aswan can do that after the boat trip.)
乘船游览以后，凡是想去的人都可以去阿斯旺各处走一走。
这是一个复合句，主句是“anyone…can go for a walk round Aswan after the boat trip”， 其中插入了一个定语从句“who wants to”，它是“who wants to go for a walk round Aswan after the boat trip”的省略。
英语中有些及物动词(如want,hope,like,love等) 后作宾语的不定式短语，常因为在上下文中意义明确而省略， 只保留不定式符号。如本句中的“who wants to”中的不定式符号to ，就是“ to go for a walk…”的省略。在口语中， 这种省略尤为常见。例如：
They went to visit the temple because they wanted to.
他们想去看寺庙，所以就去了。
Anyone who hopes to can get a job in the town.
凡是希望在市内谋职的人都可以找到工作。
“How about going for a walk after the meeting ? ” --“I'd like to if the weather permits.” “开完会去散散步怎么样?” -- “要是天气允许我倒是很想去。”
Would you like to go shopping with me this afternoon? ” --“I'd love to.”
“今天下午同我去买东西，好吗?”--“好的。”
9. You'd better take a hat. 你最好戴一顶帽子。
“You'd better+do sth.”是表示建议或劝告的交际用语， 意思是“你最好(干某事)”。“You'd better ”是“ You had better ”的省略， 后跟动词原形。 否定结构是： “ You'd better not do sth.”(你最好不干某事)，否定词not放在You'd
better之后，原形动词之前。例如：You'd better take a boat if you want to see Aswan without walking too much. 如果你想看看阿斯旺而又不走太多的路，那么你最好乘船去。
The concert is about to start. You'd better hurry up.
音乐会马上要开始了。你最好快一点。
“Is there a bus stop nearby? ”--“ Yes, but you'd
better not take a bus. You'd better take a taxi.” “附近有公共汽车站吗?”--“有，不过你最好不要坐公共汽车，你最好坐出租车去。”
Step 5. Practice
Speech Cassette Lesson 89. Play the tape of the dialogue for the Ss to listen and repeat. Then let them practise the dialogue in pairs.
Step 5. Group work
SB Lesson 89, Part 2. Divide the class into groups of four. Go through the suggestions for the dialogue and practise the phrases on the right-hand side of the SB. Ask the class for suggestions of places to visit and write this list on the Bb. Join a good group and demonstrate the beginning of the dialogue by asking What should we do on Sunday?
Step 6. Workbook
Wb Lesson 89, Exx. 1 - 3.
Ex. 1 helps revise the dialogue. Do this exercise with the whole class.
Give the Ss a few minutes to work on Ex. 2. Then check the answers with the whole class. Discuss any problems the Ss may raise.
Get the Ss to read the dialogue over in Ex. 3 in pairs, getting the meaning clear and filling. the gaps with suitable words. Check the answers with the whole class. If possible, call out several pairs to act out the dialogue.
Homework
(1) Finish off the exercises of Lesson 89 in the workbook.
(2) Revise the key points of this lesson.
(3) Preview the next lesson.
Lesson 90 Aswan Dam
Step 1. Revision
(1) Check the homework exercises.
(2) Revise the key points in Lesson 89.
Step 2. Presentation
SB Lesson 90, Part 1. Say to the Ss Look at the picture. What can you see? (The Aswan Dam.)
Can you guess which country it is in? (Egypt.)
This dam is very important to Egypt. It controls the waters of the River Nile. It produces 20-50% of the electricity Egypt needs. But there were also problems. As a result of the dam, the water level of the lake rose by 63 metres. People had to move away. What's more? The temples around Aswan were in danger. One of the most important temples in danger was at Abu Simbel. Now I'd like you to read the passage to find out why the temple was in danger. Give the Ss a few moments to find the answer. (Because when the dam was finished, the temple would be covered by the new lake.)
Step 3. Reading
Write these headings on the Bb:
The Aswan Dam
Why it was built:
The size of the dam:
Problems:
Ask the Ss to copy these headings in their exercise books and to make notes as they read the passage.
Allow them several minutes to complete the task in pairs or on their own. Collect their suggested answers on the Bb. See if the Ss can guess the plans that the engineers suggested to save the temple.
Go through the passage and deal with any difficult points. See if the Ss can guess the meaning of new words such as flood, level and figure.
Step 4. Language points
1. Three of the biggest man-made projects in the world are the Great Wall of China, the Pyramids of Egypt and the Aswan High Dam, which is also in Egypt. 世界上有三个最大的人造工程，它们是中国的长城、 埃及的金字塔和阿斯旺高坝，后者也是在埃及境内。
“…，which is also in Egypt ”是一个非限制性定语从句，用以对先行词the Aswan High Dam作补充说明， 它同主句之间通常有逗号隔开。关系代词which系指the Aswan High Dam，在从句中作主语。例如：
The capital of England is Londan, which is also the capital of Britain.
英格兰的首府是伦敦，它也是英国的首都。
My hometown is Hangzhou, which has many places of interest.
我的故乡是杭州，它有许多名胜。
2. The new dam controls the waters of the Nile so that they now run regularly all through the year. 新的大坝控制着尼罗河河水的流量， 使之一年到头都能正常地流过。
water(水)作为物质名词，通常用单数。例如：
The water in this lake can't be used for drinking. 这个湖里的水不能作饮用水。
但是，water作“(水的) 流量 / 容量”解时 ( contents of a river/lake)，它可以用复数，其代词也可以用复数形式。例如：
How can you measure the waters of the lake? 你怎么测量湖水的容量呢?
The waters of the river run too fast; it's dangerous to swim in it.
这河里的水流得太快，在河里游泳很危险。
3. Now about 20-50% of the electricity which Egypt needs is produced from this dam. 目前埃及所需电力的20 -50%左右是由这座水坝提供的。
(1) 这是一个复合句。主句是“ Now about 20- 50% of the electricity…is produced from this dam.”， 中间插入一个限制性定语从句“which Egypt needs ”， 修饰先行词electricity。
(2) 百分比的符号(%) 读作[pD'sent]， 可以写成 per cent(分写)，也可以合写成percent。用百分数作主语时，谓语动词用单、复数均可。若主语视作整体， 动词则用单数；若主语视作个体，则动词用复数。例如：
In that country, over 60% of oil supply comes from abroad.
在那个国家，60%的石油供应来自国外。
80% of the workers in the car factory are men, only 20% of them are women.
那家汽车工厂的工人，80%是男的，只有20%是女工。
4.The dam,which is the biggest in the world, is 3,803 metres long. 那座水坝长3830米，它是世界上最长的水坝。
(1) 这是一个复合句，主句是“The dam…is 3, 830 metres long.”，中间插入一个非限制性定语从句“which is the biggest in the world”，对先行词dam作补充说明。例如：
The Nile, which is the longest river in Egypt, no longer destroys crops.
尼罗河是埃及的最长的河流，它再也不摧毁庄稼了。
The temple, which was built in the 13th century BC, is world-famous.
那座寺庙建于公元前十三世纪，是一座举世闻名的寺庙。
(2) 英语中表示“有多长/宽/等高”时，常用“数字+单位( 复数)+long/wide/high…”，如本句中的“3，830 metres long ”以及下文中的“980 metres wide。”例如：
The street is about 200 metres long, 3 metres wide.
那条街大约有200米长，3米宽。
Gezhouba Dam, which is the first biggest dam on the Changjiang River, is 2,560 metres long, 70 metres high.
葛洲坝是长江上第一座最大的坝，长2，560米，宽70米。
Her brother is a famous basketball player; he is 6 feet tall.
她的兄弟是一位著名的蓝球队员，身高6英尺。
5. Before they began to build the dam, people already knew that there were going to be several problems. (=Before people began to build the dam, they knew that there would be several problems.) 在开始建坝时，人们就已经预料到这项工程将会带来许多问题。
(1) 这是一个复合句。主句是“people already knew…”，后跟由that引导的宾语从句“… that there were going to be several problems”，其中用了“there be”结构的过去将来时(there were going to be)。句首是一个由before 引导的时间状语从句，其中的they泛指“人们”(people)。
(2) “there be ”结构的过去将来时是“ there was/were going to be”，表示“(过去)将会有……”的意思。 主语的单/ 复数决定谓语动词用was或were。此外，“there be ”的过去将来时还可以用“there would be …”来表示， 两者意思基本相同， 但“there was/were going to be…” 还含有“肯定会要发生的”意思。例如：
He told me there was going to be rain the next day. (= …there would be rain the next day.) 他同我说过第二天会下雨的。
Before the project was started, no one knew there were going to be so many difficulties. (…there would be so many difficulties.) 在这项工程开始之前，谁也没有料想到会有这么多的困难。
6. Also, around the area of Aswam there are a lot of improtant old temples, which date from about 1,250 BC. (…there are a lot of important old temples, which have existed since about 1,250 BC.) 而且在阿斯旺地区的周围还有许多重要的古庙， 它们是公元前 1250年左右建成的。
date from(或date back to)是一个短语动词，表示“( 从某个时期起)就已经存在” ( to have existed since the date of building or origin)，可译作“从某时期开始(有)”、
“可追溯到……(时期)”等。例如：
This kind of music dates from the 18th century. 这种音乐可追溯到18世纪。
The church date