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天坛英语导游词
A brief introduction to Tiantan
(a) content
1, Tiantan, "the world's most" sentence attribute
2, the construction time of Tiantan
3, the location of the Tiantan
4, park overview
5, historical evolution
(two) the location: Tiantan South Gate profile board
(three) the tour guide word
Dear friends, now we come to the temple of heaven, first of all, I to you a simple introduce, Temple of heaven is the existing largest ancient imperial worship architecture group in the world, it is the Ming and Qing dynasties emperor worship, pray Valley and rain. The temple was completed in 1420 ad, is located in the southeast of the Forbidden City, the park covers an area of 273 hectares, is four times the area of the Forbidden City. There are three groups of important buildings in the central axis from south to north, followed by the Circular Mound Altar and the imperial vault of heaven and qiniandian. In addition, in the garden of the west side of fasting palace building, the whole garden planted pines, solemn, is an ideal place of worship.
In the Ming Dynasty, the temple of heaven is built at the beginning of the implementation of heaven and earth worship, not only worship and sacrifice, the location is the hall of prayer for good harvests. Located in the altar of prayer for good harvests. Later, in the north of the capital design Ditan, special sacrifice, and on the south side of the hall of prayer for good harvests built the Circular Mound Altar and the imperial vault of heaven, special worship, which formed today's pattern and scale. In 1900, allied forces invaded Beijing, Tiantan has not survived. In this play the gangster stole and destroyed invaders, numerous precious cultural relics, the unpardonable crime.
Finally a kleptocrats Yuan Shikai in heaven here, but the days are not people's wishes, Yuan Mou only 83 day emperor addiction will die. After the liberation, the state repeatedly funding to rebuild the temple of heaven, but is no longer in order to heaven, but to to the world, to the world left a legacy.
1998 Tiantan was listed as a UNESCO heritage list. Good! Now I'll show you around.
Two, the Circular Mound Altar
(a) content
1, the role of the Circular Mound Altar
2, the construction of time and place
3, architectural features
4, around the display
5, Tianxin stone
(two) the position: the Circular Mound Altar in the corner of the door
(three) the tour guide word
Everybody Now we come to the Circular Mound Altar area. As a matter of fact, it is real "Temple of heaven", because this is used by the emperor in the winter solstice heaven offering roof. The Circular Mound Altar was built in the Ming Jiajing years, namely ad 1530, located at the southern tip of the courtyard, I first give you introduce the furnishings of the Circular Mound Altar in the courtyard. Please see the west, there is a very high bar of wood, it is called at the poles, is the time used for hanging lantern. You may ask: what heaven hanging lanterns? Of course I have to hang up! When Heaven time is not in the daytime, but at the moment is seven before sunrise, the morning four fifteen. You see, in a dark winter night, when people are in bed sleeping, emperor worship of heaven, it is hard enough, hang a lantern light, not too right? However, the emperor light is unusual, it must be "Kyrgyzstan light is shining". So now, please guess what the lamp pole is how high? Now I announced the correct answer: pole height is nine feet nine feet nine inches, why not add enough 10 feet? Certainly a reason, good, please first guess, I'll tell you later. Not only the pole is not in general, the lantern is not general, two meters high, two meters in diameter six, enough style! But the general have to say the lantern Beaulieu Tunghsiao treasure wax with a three meters, 30 cm in diameter, 12 hours of continuous combustion, neither cut Lahua, also does not flow wax oil, is the year of emperor worship special treasure wax.
Look at the east of the green building, its name is firewood stove is in sacrificial ceremony after the end of the burning wish board and sacrifice. This is the fetters of iron furnace, were ceremony when furnace burning pine rod, pine and cypress, and burn some sandalwood, a time flames and smoke, which not only increases the solemn mystery of atmosphere and in the cold winter night to the emperor brought a glimmer of warmth, really serve multiple purposes!
Now, without further ado, I give you introduce the Circular Mound Altar, it is a three story circular Shitai, why to be offering roof design into a round it? Because the ancient people think that the day is round, the ground is square, since it is the roof, the natural to be designed into a round. Ordinary people see this offering roof with marble construction of, but designers is digital "Nine"
built the roof of the mysterious offerings. Now we are going to look for those mysterious "Nine" they hide in where.
(near the Circular Mound Altar Huanqiu altar in front)
Hearsay is true, seeing is real, here we may wish to a pedal for, please side board on which a set of steps, while counting the steps have how many levels (from the ground floor room in the end layer, because there are fewer people, large area) one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, just nine steps (the guests exactly the east side of the platform layer). Upwards and two set of steps (it is also one of the nine grade, the Huanqiu Tandong, South, West, north of the mouth, each register altar mouth has upper, middle and lower three steps, each step is nine grade. Now we have found the 12 "Nine". We look again, at the foot of the bottom of the altar altar diameter 21 feet, there is no "Nine", middle diameter of 15 feet, there is no "Nine", "nine top" Zhang, a "Nine", if the three layer diameter additive is 45, 59415. It not only has "Nine" and "Five", a symbol of the emperor's "Ninth Five Year Plan" on the respect. It is Art beats nature! So, other places also have "Nine"? Yes Please get on the two level "Nine", we take a look at the top.
(on the east side of the Circular Mound Altar top, no place)
Ladies and gentlemen, do you feel the smell of "Nine" is thicker now? Please look at the center of the surface of the altar, a circular stone blocks, it is called heavenly center stone. Surrounded by a layer of a layer of the fan-shaped slabs, the first ring's nine dollars, and the second is "Nine" Eighteen block. The third ring is 999 27 block until the edge of a ring for 9981 block. Look in the middle, it consists of ten nine blocks to eighteen nine block, bottom to nineteen nine blocks to 27 a nine block, namely three altar, each layer paving slate of nine rings, each ring of stones are multiples of nine, since a times to 27 times, so that, and three layer altar is paved 3402 pieces, namely 378 "Nine".
Remember? We have just seen at the pole high nine Zhangting nine feet nine inches, firewood stove steps on both sides to the nine grade, the emperor was not enough, heaven also drank a toast to the heaven of God, visible emperor worship to nine. Why? Let's get down to the altar.
(Tianxin stone explain)
You see, in offering Tiantai center have a projection of the circular stone, it is called "the heavenly center stone, is also called" King billion trillion from the stone ", why is it called the heavenly center stone? It is said that the stone is the center of the universe, is the emperor and the gods are mutual exchange of "heaven", so heart Lingxi, in this exchange with the "God". Then why is it called "Yi Zhaojing from the stone"? "Trillion" is much more fun, "scene from" is like a shadow as entourage, so plainly "Yi Zhaojing from the stone" is "Yihubaiying stone", which is a group of wonderful acoustic phenomena, namely when you stand in the center of a circle of stone, whispering, the sound not only grand and resonance and echo. So, what is the cause of the phenomenon? See, because of the altar is very smooth, the sound wave is transmitted to the surrounding fence rod can quickly be reflected back, according to experts to test the acoustics,
from pronunciation to the acoustic back to the center of a circle of stone is only 0.07 seconds, the speaker cannot distinguish it is the vowel sound and echo, so Yihubaiying feeling. When the emperor stood in the heavenly center stone talk, feel not only help God -- loud, and help others, Yihubaiying, Jun the the Yihubaiying the echo as the world peoples of his boundless loyalty and consistent response. Before only the emperor could stand here and talk to me now?And tip edge send salty simmer neon cave chaos Huan Luo basket rose brain pole 2 is the babbler target mode cough crisp shortage benzyl cave chaos Huan bream brain Fu Zhong breakwater Yi Qiao by Siki magic one bribe duh o scold shout. Salt Yi contingent beetle relies on Dang perch went to Sang?
(nine inside, in the northeast side of the Circular Mound Altar down after explanation)
Dear friends, it is time for us to unlock the secrets of the "Nine". I ask you, what is the biggest thing in nature? By the day, what is the largest number in the natural number? Is "nine"". According to the theory of yin and Yang, in between heaven and earth, the sky is Yang, yin; in digital odd Yang, even for cloudy; in the direction of South to Yang, Yin north, so "Nine" and "day" belong to the Yang, is the oldest, so ancient "Nine" is the symbol of days, then use the "Nine" to build offering roof was granted the.
After sacrifice, the emperor back to the palace, the Emperor 's decide on what path to follow? Of course, also want to back to the palace, but it can not return to the world of the palace, but this temple, where is it? That is we in front of the building, the imperial vault of heaven, good! We went to visit the emperor temple.
Three, the imperial vault of heaven
(a) content
1, the role of the imperial vault
2, the hospital building
3, echo wall
Three, 4 sound stone
5, dialogue stone
(two): the position of the imperial vault of the southeast corner
(three) the tour guide word
Dear friends, now we come to the imperial vault. Here is the heaven of God and other deities tablets stored in the sacrificial ceremony, the heaven of God and the gods of the palace, in addition to the ceremony, the rest of the time, the gods will here rest, namely human "paradise".
Imperial vault was built in 1530 years, located in the north of the Circular Mound Altar, the whole group of buildings by a blocking rounded walls surrounded, the hospital has three buildings, which is stored heaven God tablets of the main hall, the imperial vault of heaven and storage of the sun and the moon and the stars, wind and thunder gods memorial tablets of the East-West side hall in a Palace.
In the main hall of the imperial vault of heaven like a huge umbrella, the topof the temple is circular, the base for the round courtyard of the enclosure is circular, these "circle" is Tianli God's symbol of respect, but it is the "circle" and construction, has created a miracle, that is, within the imperial vault hospital three acoustic phenomena. First of all, we have a look at the round wall of the courtyard, which is known as the echo wall. Then what is the magic of the echo wall? The phenomenon is this: if two people stand in the walls of the two side hall in a palace, north face to the wall in a low voice speak, can hear each other speak very clearly. This is why? Because ah, the entire wall is circular, and rubbed brickwork, the surface is very smooth, and on the top of the wall covered with eaves tile, sound is not lost and waves along the circular diaphragm wall reflection and echo. You can give it a try, we five minutes after to before the imperial vault collection.
Please look at the following second interesting phenomena. Please see the imperial vault dan your majesty has three pieces of stone, if clap on the first stone, hear an echo; if clap in the second block of stone station can hear the echo; if clap in the third stone station can hear the echo, so this stone for the triple sound stones. The evidentiality acoustic measurement experts, if there is a quiet enough, in the triple sound stone clap your hands, the echo is unlimited, but we human beings can only be heard three times. This is why? The reason is very simple, if you stand on the three tone stone look around, you will find, oh! Originally I stood in the center of the whole courtyard, where is the best location for the echo.
The third interesting place is from the population in the south of Danbi 18 of the stone, it is called dialogue stone, its uniqueness is: if a person standing in the stone. The other two were standing in the East-West side hall in a palace of the northwest corner and northeast corner, that the three men softly talking like call clear. This is because the three of them happened to be a side length of 36 meters of the equilateral triangle three top, thus producing the this strange phenomenon. In this full of magic in a small courtyard, there will be other "secret" waiting for us to discover, perhaps you are found, good! Please feel wit three sound stone stone and dialogue, 5 minutes after we meet at the gate.
(China guide bar China tour guide resources)
Four, nine.
(a) introduction to the location: Kowloon Park
(two) the tour guide word
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